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Direct linkMehren, Rainer; Rempfler, Armin; Buchholz, Janine; Hartig, Johannes; Ulrich-Riedhammer, Eva M. – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2018
Constituting a metacognitive strategy, system competence or systems thinking can only assume its assigned key function as a basic concept for the school subject of geography in Germany after a theoretical and empirical foundation has been established. A measurement instrument is required which is suitable both for supporting students and for the…
Descriptors: Models, Metacognition, Competence, Geography
Kalinowski, Steven T.; Willoughby, Shannon – Journal of Research in Science Teaching, 2019
We present a multiple-choice test, the Montana State University Formal Reasoning Test (FORT), to assess college students' scientific reasoning ability. The test defines scientific reasoning to be equivalent to formal operational reasoning. It contains 20 questions divided evenly among five types of problems: control of variables, hypothesis…
Descriptors: Science Tests, Test Construction, Science Instruction, Introductory Courses
