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Timothy R. Konold; Elizabeth A. Sanders; Kelvin Afolabi – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2025
Measurement invariance (MI) is an essential part of validity evidence concerned with ensuring that tests function similarly across groups, contexts, and time. Most evaluations of MI involve multigroup confirmatory factor analyses (MGCFA) that assume simple structure. However, recent research has shown that constraining non-target indicators to…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Error of Measurement, Validity, Monte Carlo Methods
Yuanfang Liu; Mark H. C. Lai; Ben Kelcey – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2024
Measurement invariance holds when a latent construct is measured in the same way across different levels of background variables (continuous or categorical) while controlling for the true value of that construct. Using Monte Carlo simulation, this paper compares the multiple indicators, multiple causes (MIMIC) model and MIMIC-interaction to a…
Descriptors: Classification, Accuracy, Error of Measurement, Correlation
Li, Xin; Beretvas, S. Natasha – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2013
This simulation study investigated use of the multilevel structural equation model (MLSEM) for handling measurement error in both mediator and outcome variables ("M" and "Y") in an upper level multilevel mediation model. Mediation and outcome variable indicators were generated with measurement error. Parameter and standard…
Descriptors: Sample Size, Structural Equation Models, Simulation, Multivariate Analysis
Westfall, Peter H.; Henning, Kevin S. S.; Howell, Roy D. – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2012
This article shows how interfactor correlation is affected by error correlations. Theoretical and practical justifications for error correlations are given, and a new equivalence class of models is presented to explain the relationship between interfactor correlation and error correlations. The class allows simple, parsimonious modeling of error…
Descriptors: Psychometrics, Correlation, Error of Measurement, Structural Equation Models
Raykov, Tenko – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Interval estimation of intraclass correlation coefficients in hierarchical designs is discussed within a latent variable modeling framework. A method accomplishing this aim is outlined, which is applicable in two-level studies where participants (or generally lower-order units) are clustered within higher-order units. The procedure can also be…
Descriptors: Correlation, Models, Vertical Organization, Predictor Variables
Murphy, Daniel L.; Beretvas, S. Natasha; Pituch, Keenan A. – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
This simulation study examined the performance of the curve-of-factors model (COFM) when autocorrelation and growth processes were present in the first-level factor structure. In addition to the standard curve-of factors growth model, 2 new models were examined: one COFM that included a first-order autoregressive autocorrelation parameter, and a…
Descriptors: Sample Size, Simulation, Factor Structure, Statistical Analysis
DeMars, Christine E. – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2012
In structural equation modeling software, either limited-information (bivariate proportions) or full-information item parameter estimation routines could be used for the 2-parameter item response theory (IRT) model. Limited-information methods assume the continuous variable underlying an item response is normally distributed. For skewed and…
Descriptors: Item Response Theory, Structural Equation Models, Computation, Computer Software
Kelava, Augustin; Werner, Christina S.; Schermelleh-Engel, Karin; Moosbrugger, Helfried; Zapf, Dieter; Ma, Yue; Cham, Heining; Aiken, Leona S.; West, Stephen G. – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Interaction and quadratic effects in latent variable models have to date only rarely been tested in practice. Traditional product indicator approaches need to create product indicators (e.g., x[superscript 2] [subscript 1], x[subscript 1]x[subscript 4]) to serve as indicators of each nonlinear latent construct. These approaches require the use of…
Descriptors: Simulation, Computation, Evaluation, Predictor Variables
Leite, Walter L.; Zuo, Youzhen – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2011
Among the many methods currently available for estimating latent variable interactions, the unconstrained approach is attractive to applied researchers because of its relatively easy implementation with any structural equation modeling (SEM) software. Using a Monte Carlo simulation study, we extended and evaluated the unconstrained approach to…
Descriptors: Monte Carlo Methods, Structural Equation Models, Evaluation, Researchers
Yang-Wallentin, Fan; Joreskog, Karl G.; Luo, Hao – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2010
Ordinal variables are common in many empirical investigations in the social and behavioral sciences. Researchers often apply the maximum likelihood method to fit structural equation models to ordinal data. This assumes that the observed measures have normal distributions, which is not the case when the variables are ordinal. A better approach is…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Factor Analysis, Least Squares Statistics, Computation
Peugh, James L.; Enders, Craig K. – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2010
Cluster sampling results in response variable variation both among respondents (i.e., within-cluster or Level 1) and among clusters (i.e., between-cluster or Level 2). Properly modeling within- and between-cluster variation could be of substantive interest in numerous settings, but applied researchers typically test only within-cluster (i.e.,…
Descriptors: Structural Equation Models, Monte Carlo Methods, Multivariate Analysis, Sampling
Alhija, Fadia Nasser-Abu; Wisenbaker, Joseph – Structural Equation Modeling: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2006
A simulation study was conducted to examine the effect of item parceling on confirmatory factor analysis parameter estimates and their standard errors at different levels of sample size, number of indicators per factor, size of factor structure/pattern coefficients, magnitude of interfactor correlations, and variations in item-level data…
Descriptors: Monte Carlo Methods, Computation, Factor Analysis, Sample Size