Beginning with debates about the effects of smoking on lung cancer, sensitivity analyses characterizing the hypothetical unobserved conditions that can alter statistical inferences have had profound impacts on public policy. One of the most ascendant techniques for sensitivity analysis is Oster's (2019) coefficient of proportionality, which…

Immediacy is one of the necessary criteria to show strong evidence of treatment effect in single case experimental designs (SCEDs). With the exception of Natesan and Hedges (2017) no inferential statistical tool has been used to demonstrate or quantify it until now. We investigate and quantify immediacy by treating the change-points between the…

The development in information science has enabled an explosive growth of data, which attracts more and more researchers to engage in the field of big data analytics. Noticeably, in many real-world applications, large amounts of data are imbalanced data since the events of interests occur infrequently. Classification of imbalanced data is an…

Cognitive diagnostic assessment (CDA) is a new theoretical framework for psychological and educational testing that is designed to provide detailed information about examinees' strengths and weaknesses in specific knowledge structures and processing skills. During the last three decades, more than a dozen psychometric models have been developed…