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Takimoto, Masahiro – IAFOR Journal of Education, 2023
This study investigated the relationship between a metaphor-based approach to teaching English as a foreign language (EFL) and involvement of the brain's right hemisphere. Specifically, it examined learners' understanding of three levels of sureness associated with different expressions in English -- those that are "certain,"…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Figurative Language, Teaching Methods, English (Second Language)
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Davis, Larry; Norris, John – ETS Research Report Series, 2021
The elicited imitation task (EIT), in which language learners listen to a series of spoken sentences and repeat each one verbatim, is a commonly used measure of language proficiency in second language acquisition research. The "TOEFL® Essentials"™ test includes an EIT as a holistic measure of speaking proficiency, referred to as the…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Language Proficiency, Speech Communication, Language Tests