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Showing 1 to 15 of 19 results Save | Export
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Deirdre M. McCarthy; Thomas J. Spencer; Pradeep G. Bhide – Journal of Attention Disorders, 2024
Objective: We offer an overview of ADHD research using mouse models of nicotine exposure. Method: Nicotine exposure of C57BL/6 or Swiss Webster mice occurred during prenatal period only or during the prenatal and the preweaning periods. Behavioral, neuroanatomical and neurotransmitter assays were used to investigate neurobiological mechanisms of…
Descriptors: Models, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Smoking, Animals
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Xu Du; Lizhao Zhang; Jui-Long Hung; Hao Li; Hengtao Tang; Miao Dai – Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 2024
This study aims to track college students' on-task rate during the teaching process and to analyze the influence of instructional strategies on on-task rate through the aspects of observable and internal engagement indicators. Thirty-six undergraduate students at a higher education institution in China participated in the study. Students'…
Descriptors: Teaching Methods, Attention Control, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Diagnostic Tests
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Jennie K. Grammer; Keye Xu; Agatha Lenartowicz – npj Science of Learning, 2021
Activities that are effective in supporting attention have the potential to increase opportunities for student learning. However, little is known about the impact of instructional contexts on student attention, in part due to limitations in our ability to measure attention in the classroom, typically based on behavioral observation and…
Descriptors: Correlation, Classroom Environment, Attention Control, Diagnostic Tests
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Weiss, Staci Meredith; Marshall, Peter J. – Developmental Science, 2023
The development of the ability to anticipate--as manifested by preparatory actions and neural activation related to the expectation of an upcoming stimulus--may play a key role in the ontogeny of cognitive skills more broadly. This preregistered study examined anticipatory brain potentials and behavioral responses (reaction time; RT) to…
Descriptors: Brain Hemisphere Functions, Cognitive Ability, Reaction Time, Case Studies
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Cho, Jeong-il; Hendrickson, Jo M.; Yi, HyunSook – Mid-Western Educational Researcher, 2020
Cross-rater agreement on bullying, victimization, and related behaviors of middle school students with and without behavioral disorders (BD) was investigated. Students with BD (n = 11), their peers (n = 90), and general education teachers (n = 10) completed the Peer Relationship Survey (PRS), a non-anonymous measurement scale. The results of…
Descriptors: Bullying, Victims, Middle School Students, Early Adolescents
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Simpson-Kent, Ivan L.; Fried, Eiko I.; Akarca, Danyal; Mareva, Silvana; Bullmore, Edward T.; Kievit, Rogier A. – Journal of Intelligence, 2021
Network analytic methods that are ubiquitous in other areas, such as systems neuroscience, have recently been used to test network theories in psychology, including intelligence research. The network or mutualism theory of intelligence proposes that the statistical associations among cognitive abilities (e.g., specific abilities such as vocabulary…
Descriptors: Network Analysis, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Intelligence, Schemata (Cognition)
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Patel, Lina; Wolter-Warmerdam, Kristine; Hickey, Francis – Journal of Mental Health Research in Intellectual Disabilities, 2020
Introduction: Children and young adults with Down syndrome can demonstrate increased behavior problems compared to their typically developing peers through childhood and adolescence. This study aims to: (1) identify common patterns of behaviors in children and young adults with Down syndrome and (2) assess potential medical comorbidities that…
Descriptors: Down Syndrome, Comorbidity, Sleep, Anxiety
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Nesayan, Abbas; Asadi Gandomani, Roghayeh; Movallali, Gita; Dunn, Winnie – Journal of Occupational Therapy, Schools & Early Intervention, 2018
This study investigates the relationship between sensory processing patterns and behavioral patterns in children. The population consisted of all children in Tehran city. Participation included 229 school and 155 preschool children. We collected data using the Sensory Profile School Companion and Conners Teacher Rating Scale. Results showed that…
Descriptors: Sensory Integration, Cognitive Processes, Occupational Therapy, Behavior Problems
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Seli, Paul; Carriere, Jonathan S. A.; Thomson, David R.; Cheyne, James Allan; Martens, Kaylena A. Ehgoetz; Smilek, Daniel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
In the present work, we investigate the hypothesis that failures of task-related executive control that occur during episodes of mind wandering are associated with an increase in extraneous movements (fidgeting). In 2 studies, we assessed mind wandering using thought probes while participants performed the metronome response task (MRT), which…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Executive Function, Attention Control, Undergraduate Students
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van Hulst, Branko M.; de Zeeuw, Patrick; Bos, Dienke J.; Rijks, Yvonne; Neggers, Sebastiaan F. W.; Durston, Sarah – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2017
Background: Changes in reward processing are thought to be involved in the etiology of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), as well as other developmental disorders. In addition, different forms of therapy for ADHD rely on reinforcement principles. As such, improved understanding of reward processing in ADHD could eventually lead to…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Task Analysis, Reinforcement, Therapy
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Fahim, C.; Yoon, U.; Nashaat, N. H.; Khalil, A. K.; El-Belbesy, M.; Mancini-Marie, A.; Evans, A. C.; Meguid, N. – Journal of Intellectual Disability Research, 2012
Background: Genetically Williams syndrome (WS) promises to provide essential insight into the pathophysiology of cortical development because its ~28 deleted genes are crucial for cortical neuronal migration and maturation. Phenotypically, WS is one of the most puzzling childhood neurodevelopmental disorders affecting most intellectual…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Disorders, Intelligence Quotient, Genetics, Scientific Research
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Manouilenko, Irina; Pagani, Marco; Stone-Elander, Sharon; Odh, Richard; Brolin, Fredrik; Hatherly, Robert; Jacobsson, Hans; Larsson, Stig A.; Bejerot, Susanne – Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2013
The resting regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) patterns related to co-occurring symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, neurological soft signs and motor problems have not yet been disclosed in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). In this study thirteen adults with ASD and ten matched neurotypical controls underwent PET. The scores of rating…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Rating Scales, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism
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Hocking, Darren R.; Thomas, Daniel; Menant, Jasmine C.; Porter, Melanie A.; Smith, Stuart; Lord, Stephen R.; Cornish, Kim M. – Developmental Science, 2013
Previous studies suggest that individuals with Williams syndrome (WS), a rare genetically based neurodevelopmental disorder, show specific weaknesses in visual attention and response inhibition within the visuospatial domain. Here we examine the extent to which impairments in attentional control extend to the visuomotor domain using a…
Descriptors: Mental Retardation, Genetic Disorders, Inhibition, Control Groups
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Byrd, Amy L.; Loeber, Rolf; Pardini, Dustin A. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2012
Background: While associations between conduct disorder (CD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and interpersonal callousness (IC) symptoms and delinquency onset are well established, less is known about whether these characteristics differentiate desisting and persisting delinquency. The current…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Delinquency, Behavior Disorders, Adolescents
Ratcliff, Katherine L. – ProQuest LLC, 2010
An increasing number of studies are finding a relationship between obesity and Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), although little is known about the potential mechanisms underlying this relationship. The present study examines this potential relationship and possible underlying mechanisms of maladaptive eating patterns and…
Descriptors: Obesity, Behavior Patterns, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Conceptual Tempo
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