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Aubé, Sophie; Mimeau, Catherine; Gagnon, Eloi; Remon, Alexandra; Brendgen, Mara; Vitaro, Frank; Ouellet-Morin, Isabelle; Tremblay, Richard E.; Boivin, Michel; Dionne, Ginette – Developmental Psychology, 2022
Given the importance of writing for academic achievement, this study aimed to understand how early oral language contributes to later writing skills. The first objective was to determine if preschool language skills were associated with high school writing, and if so, whether they contributed directly or indirectly through school age language. The…
Descriptors: Language Skills, Writing Skills, Academic Achievement, Oral Language
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Bailey, Drew H.; Littlefield, Andrew K. – Child Development, 2017
This study reanalyzes data presented by Ritchie, Bates, and Plomin (2015) who used a cross-lagged monozygotic twin differences design to test whether reading ability caused changes in intelligence. The authors used data from a sample of 1,890 monozygotic twin pairs tested on reading ability and intelligence at five occasions between the ages of 7…
Descriptors: Correlation, Child Development, Intelligence, Developmental Stages
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Fujisawa, Keiko K.; Todo, Naoya; Ando, Juko – Infant and Child Development, 2017
Executive functions (EF) are an important predictor of later adaptive development. A number of environmental influences, such as parenting, have been suggested as important promoters of EF development. However, behavioural genetic research has demonstrated that many environmental influences could be affected by genetic influences. Therefore, it is…
Descriptors: Genetics, Environmental Influences, Preschool Children, Correlation
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Ritchie, Stuart J.; Bates, Timothy C.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2015
Evidence from twin studies points to substantial environmental influences on intelligence, but the specifics of this influence are unclear. This study examined one developmental process that potentially causes intelligence differences: learning to read. In 1,890 twin pairs tested at 7, 9, 10, 12, and 16 years, a cross-lagged…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Twins, Environmental Influences, Child Development
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Harlaar, Nicole; Trzaskowski, Maciej; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2014
The genetic effects on individual differences in reading development were examined using genome-wide complex trait analysis (GCTA) in a twin sample. In unrelated individuals (one twin per pair, n = 2,942), the GCTA-based heritability of reading fluency was ~20%-29% at ages 7 and 12. GCTA bivariate results showed that the phenotypic stability of…
Descriptors: Reading Skills, Twins, Genetics, Individual Differences
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Brooker, Rebecca J.; Buss, Kristin A.; Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn; Aksan, Nazan; Davidson, Richard J.; Goldsmith, H. Hill – Developmental Science, 2013
Despite implications that stranger fear is an important aspect of developing behavioral inhibition, a known risk factor for anxiety, normative and atypical developmental trajectories of stranger fear across infancy and toddlerhood remain understudied. We used a large, longitudinal data set (N = 1285) including multi-trait, multi-method assessments…
Descriptors: Fear, Infants, Toddlers, Infant Behavior
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Brooker, Rebecca J.; Buss, Kristin A.; Lemery-Chalfant, Kathryn; Aksan, Nazan; Davidson, Richard J.; Goldsmith, H. Hill – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Using both traditional composites and novel profiles of anger, we examined associations between infant anger and preschool behavior problems in a large, longitudinal data set (N = 966). We also tested the role of life stress as a moderator of the link between early anger and the development of behavior problems. Although traditional measures of…
Descriptors: Psychological Patterns, Infants, Predictor Variables, Preschool Children
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Groen-Blokhuis, Maria M.; Middeldorp, Christel M.; van Beijsterveldt, Catharina E. M.; Boomsma, Dorret I. – Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 2011
Objective: Low birth weight (LBW) is associated with attention problems (AP) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). The etiology of this association is unclear. We investigate whether there is a causal influence of birth weight (BW) on AP and whether the BW effect is mediated by catch-up growth (CUG) in low-BW children. Method:…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Twins, Body Weight, Etiology
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Greven, Corina U.; Kovas, Yulia; Willcutt, Erik G.; Petrill, Stephen A.; Plomin, Robert – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2013
Background: Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms and mathematics ability are associated, but little is known about the genetic and environmental influences underlying this association. Methods: Data came from more than 6,000 twelve-year-old twin pairs from the UK population-representative Twins Early Development Study. Parents…
Descriptors: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Symptoms (Individual Disorders), Genetic Disorders, Environmental Influences
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Silberg, Judy L.; Maes, Hermine; Eaves, Lindon J. – Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, 2010
Background: Despite the increased risk of depression and conduct problems in children of depressed parents, the mechanism by which parental depression affects their children's behavioral and emotional functioning is not well understood. The present study was undertaken to determine whether parental depression represents a genuine environmental…
Descriptors: Twins, Behavior Problems, Psychopathology, Genetics
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Price, Thomas S.; Jaffee, Sara R. – Developmental Psychology, 2008
The classical twin study provides a useful resource for testing hypotheses about how the family environment influences children's development, including how genes can influence sensitivity to environmental effects. However, existing statistical models do not account for the possibility that children can inherit exposure to family environments…
Descriptors: Twins, Interaction, Verbal Ability, Family Environment
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Petrill, Stephen A.; Deater-Deckard, Kirby – Developmental Science, 2004
Prior research suggests shared environmental influences on cognitive performance are important in early childhood. However, few studies have attempted to identify the factors comprising this shared environmental variance. To address this issue, we examined the covariance between task orientation, parental warmth, socioeconomic status and general…
Descriptors: Twins, Young Children, Environmental Influences, Cognitive Ability
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Ronald, Angelica; Happe, Francesca; Plomin, Robert – Developmental Science, 2005
Two types of behaviours shown in children--those reflecting social impairment and nonsocial obsessive repetitive behaviours--are central to defining and diagnosing autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Parent and teacher data on social and nonsocial behaviours were obtained from a community sample of greater than 3000 7-year-old twin pairs. Social and…
Descriptors: Twins, Autism, Genetics, Individual Differences
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Ronald, Angelica; Happe, Francesca; Hughes, Claire; Plomin, Robert – Social Development, 2005
Experimental research suggests the differentiation of "nice" and "nasty" theory of mind (ToM). Over 5000 parents from the Twins Early Development Study reported on nice (e.g., being considerate) and nasty (e.g., blaming others) behaviours following their twins' second, third, and fourth birthdays. Factor analyses yielded four factors and it was…
Descriptors: Theory of Mind, Twins, Preschool Children, Environmental Influences
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Asbury, Kathryn; Dunn, Judith F.; Plomin, Robert – Developmental Science, 2006
This longitudinal monozygotic (MZ) twin differences study explored associations between birthweight and early family environment and teacher-rated behaviour problems and academic achievement at age 7. MZ differences in anxiety, hyperactivity, conduct problems, peer problems and academic achievement correlated significantly with MZ differences in…
Descriptors: Behavior Problems, Academic Achievement, Hyperactivity, Effect Size
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