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Variation in Attention at Encoding: Insights from Pupillometry and Eye Gaze Fixations
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Miller, Ashley L.; Unsworth, Nash – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2020
In 2 experiments, eye-tracking was used to examine individual differences in attention during encoding and their relation to associative learning. Pupillary responses were used as an indicator of the amount of attention devoted to items, whereas eye fixations provided a means of assessing attentional focus among items within each to-be-remembered…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Memory, Task Analysis, Recall (Psychology)
Relating Dopaminergic and Cholinergic Polymorphisms to Spatial Attention in Infancy
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Markant, Julie; Cicchetti, Dante; Hetzel, Susan; Thomas, Kathleen M. – Developmental Psychology, 2014
Early selective attention skills are a crucial building block for cognitive development, as attention orienting serves as a primary means by which infants interact with and learn from the environment. Although several studies have examined infants' attention orienting using the spatial cueing task, relatively few studies have examined…
Descriptors: Physiology, Neurology, Cognitive Development, Biochemistry
Daydreaming and Its Correlates in an Educational Environment
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Lindquist, Sophie I.; McLean, John P. – Learning and Individual Differences, 2011
The experience of daydreaming is familiar to all, yet daydreaming and its correlates in an educational context have yet to be adequately explored. This study investigated academic and other potential correlates of task-unrelated images and thoughts (TUITs) during lectures. 463 undergraduate psychology students participated across three lecture…
Descriptors: Psychology, Educational Environment, Lecture Method, Imagination
Misleading Cues Improve Developmental Assessment of Working Memory Capacity: The Color Matching Tasks
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Arsalidou, Marie; Pascual-Leone, Juan; Johnson, Janice – Cognitive Development, 2010
The theory of constructive operators was used as a framework to design two versions of a paradigm (color matching task, CMT) in which items are parametrically ordered in difficulty, and differ only contextually. Items in CMT-Balloon are facilitating, whereas items in CMT-Clown contain misleading cues. Participants of ages 7-14 years and adults (N…
Descriptors: Cues, Short Term Memory, Developmental Stages, Color
The Effect of Visual Threat on Spatial Attention to Touch
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Poliakoff, Ellen; Miles, Eleanor; Li, Xinying; Blanchette, Isabelle – Cognition, 2007
Viewing a threatening stimulus can bias visual attention toward that location. Such effects have typically been investigated only in the visual modality, despite the fact that many threatening stimuli are most dangerous when close to or in contact with the body. Recent multisensory research indicates that a neutral visual stimulus, such as a light…
Descriptors: Cues, Attention Control, Pictorial Stimuli, Spatial Ability
Early Development of Subcortical Regions Involved in Non-Cued Attention Switching
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Casey, B. J.; Davidson, Matthew C.; Hara, Yuko; Thomas, Kathleen M.; Martinez, Antigona; Galvan, Adriana; Halperin, Jeffrey M.; Rodriguez-Aranda, Claudia E.; Tottenham, Nim – Developmental Science, 2004
This study examined the cognitive and neural development of attention switching using a simple forced-choice attention task and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Fourteen children and adults made discriminations among stimuli based on either shape or color. Performance on these trials was compared to performance during blocked trials…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, Brain Hemisphere Functions, Developmental Stages, Attention Control