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Showing 1 to 15 of 16 results Save | Export
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O'Donnell, Ryan E.; Clement, Andrew; Brockmole, James R. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Visual working memory (VWM) has a limited capacity of approximately 3-4 visual objects. Current theories of VWM propose that a limited pool of resources can be flexibly allocated to objects, allowing them to be represented at varying levels of precision. Factors that influence the allocation of these resources, such as the complexity and…
Descriptors: Semantics, Short Term Memory, Undergraduate Students, Stimuli
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Cheng, Xue Jun; McCarthy, Callum J.; Wang, Tony S. L.; Palmeri, Thomas J.; Little, Daniel R. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
Upright faces are thought to be processed more holistically than inverted faces. In the widely used composite face paradigm, holistic processing is inferred from interference in recognition performance from a to-be-ignored face half for upright and aligned faces compared with inverted or misaligned faces. We sought to characterize the nature of…
Descriptors: Holistic Approach, Models, Comparative Analysis, Correlation
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Forster, Sophie; Lavie, Nilli – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Attention may be distracted from its intended focus both by stimuli in the external environment and by internally generated task-unrelated thoughts during mind wandering. However, previous attention research has focused almost exclusively on distraction by external stimuli, and the extent to which mind wandering relates to external distraction is…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Attention, Correlation, Stimuli
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Meier, Matt E.; Kane, Michael J. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
Three experiments examined the relation between working memory capacity (WMC) and 2 different forms of cognitive conflict: stimulus-stimulus (S-S) and stimulus-response (S-R) interference. Our goal was to test whether WMC's relation to conflict-task performance is mediated by stimulus-identification processes (captured by S-S conflict),…
Descriptors: Experimental Psychology, Short Term Memory, Executive Function, Cognitive Processes
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Horn, Robert R.; Okumura, Michelle S.; Alexander, Melissa G. F.; Gardin, Fredrick A.; Sylvester, Curtis T. – Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 2012
We tested the hypothesis that quiet eye, the final fixation before the initiation of a movement in aiming tasks, is used to scale the movement's parameters. Two groups of 12 participants (N = 24) threw darts to targets in the horizontal and vertical axes under conditions of higher (random) or lower (blocked) target variability. Supporting our…
Descriptors: Human Body, Eye Movements, Prediction, Attention
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Travis, Frederick; Lagrosen, Yvonne – Creativity Research Journal, 2014
This study used canonical correlation analysis to explore the relation among scores on the Torrance test of figural and verbal creativity and demographic, psychological and physiological measures in Swedish product-development engineers. The first canonical variate included figural and verbal flexibility and originality as dependent measures and…
Descriptors: Multivariate Analysis, Creativity, Correlation, Engineering
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O'Reilly, Anthony; Roche, Bryan; Ruiz, Maria; Tyndall, Ian; Gavin, Amanda – Psychological Record, 2012
Subjects completed a baseline stimulus matching procedure designed to produce two symmetrical stimulus relations; A1-B1 and A2-B2. Using A1, B1, and two novel stimuli, subjects were then trained to produce a common key-press response for two stimuli and a second key-press response for two further stimuli across two blocks of response training.…
Descriptors: Memory, Stimuli, Reinforcement, Timed Tests
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Joos, Els; Vansteenwegen, Debora; Hermans, Dirk – Behavior Modification, 2012
People seem to differ in their conditionability, that is, the ease by which fear associations (neutral stimulus-unconditioned stimulus [CS-US] contingencies) are learned. Recently, the level of trait worry has been proposed as a predictor of heightened conditionability. The current research aimed to (a) further investigate this influence of…
Descriptors: Predictor Variables, Individual Differences, Anxiety, Fear
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Reeve, Robert; Reynolds, Fiona; Humberstone, Judi; Butterworth, Brian – Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 2012
Dot enumeration (DE) and number comparison (NC) abilities are considered markers of core number competence. Differences in DE/NC reaction time (RT) signatures are thought to distinguish between typical and atypical number development. Whether a child's DE and NC signatures change or remain stable over time, relative to other developmental…
Descriptors: Cognitive Ability, Profiles, Children, Reaction Time
Al-Hilawani, Yasser A.; Abdullah, Ahmad A. – Journal of International Special Needs Education, 2010
The purpose of this study was to use the picture format to examine in depth the metacognitive performances and reaction time in general education, low-achieving, and institutionally raised students. Results revealed that institutionally raised students, unlike low-achieving students, took significantly the longest reaction time to finish the test…
Descriptors: Reaction Time, General Education, Metacognition, Low Achievement
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Warlop, Nele P.; Achten, Eric; Debruyne, Jan; Vingerhoets, Guy – Neuropsychologia, 2008
We aimed to investigate the relation between damage in the corpus callosum and the performance on an interhemispheric communication task in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Relative callosal lesion load defined as the ratio between callosal area and the total lesion load in the total corpus callosum, and the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI)…
Descriptors: Control Groups, Reaction Time, Neurological Impairments, Brain Hemisphere Functions
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Williams, Ben; Myerson, Joel; Hale, Sandra – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2008
Despite its avowed goal of understanding individual behavior, the field of behavior analysis has largely ignored the determinants of consistent differences in level of performance among individuals. The present article discusses major findings in the study of individual differences in intelligence from the conceptual framework of a functional…
Descriptors: Intelligence, Individual Differences, Short Term Memory, Behavioral Science Research
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Wiegand, Katrin; Wascher, Edmund – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2005
It has been recently proposed that the time course of the Simon effect may vary across tasks, which might reflect different types of stimulus-response (S-R) transmissions (E. Wascher, U. Schatz, T. Kuder, & R. Verleger, 2001). The authors tested this notion in 4 experiments by comparing Simon effects evoked by horizontal and vertical S-R…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Responses, Spatial Ability, Reaction Time
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Dirikx, Trinette; Hermans, Dirk; Vansteenwegen, Debora; Baeyens, Frank; Eelen, Paul – Learning & Memory, 2004
The present study investigated reinstatement of conditioned responses in humans by using a differential Pavlovian conditioning procedure. Evidence for reinstatement was established in a direct (fear rating) and in an indirect measure (secondary reaction time task) of conditioning. Moreover, the amount of reinstatement in the secondary reaction…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Fear, Classical Conditioning, Reaction Time
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Shull, Richard L.; Grimes, Julie A. – Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior, 2006
Rats obtained food-pellet reinforcers by nose poking a lighted key. Experiment 1 examined resistance to extinction following single-schedule training with different variable-interval schedules, ranging from a mean interval of 16 min to 0.25 min. That is, for each schedule, the rats received 20 consecutive daily baseline sessions and then a session…
Descriptors: Training, Positive Reinforcement, Intervals, Animals
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