Management science is defined as the basic process or function of rational decision making. The concept of educational research is expanded to include use of new management techniques developed by the private sector which are adaptable to decision making in the total educational context. Four trends in the field of educational research are briefly…

Planning, Programming, Budgeting Systems (PPBS) provide a new approach to the optimum use of limited school system resources in improving the learning process. In conjunction with Management Information Systems (MIS), PPBS is a tool which school officials can use to communicate to taxpayers the necessity for current school programs and the manner…

The development of a computer-based instructional management system for the Duluth, Minnesota school system is described. The project is designed to relate observed or measured student learning in cognitive and affective areas to the costs of instructional services. Individual student data are used for the cost-effectiveness analyses supported by…