Program budgeting is a system that focuses on outcomes rather than on inputs, relates resources to outcomes, includes more than one time interval in the budget document, and states outcomes in measurable terms. If the assumptions underlying program budgeting are accepted, the system can be an effective tool for identifying new ways to do jobs…

Three major presentations made at an October 1968 conference at Hartland, Michigan, for public school administrators and university professors are "The Systems Movement and Educational Administration," by Glenn L. Immegart; "Cost-Utility Analysis and Educational Decision-Making," by Austin D. Swanson; and "Educational…

This report provides a detailed description of an education program cost model designed to accept descriptions of the size and composition of resources used in a particular program and translate them into an estimate of program cost, for convenient comparison of alternatives. The model also translates ("crosswalks") the program budget…

This document details a semiautomated PPB system developed in an ESEA Title III project, Intermediate Unit Planning Study, for use in Pennsylvania (see EA 002 750). Two semiautomated versions were developed, both dependent for calculation on the use of electronic data processing equipment. This is a documentation manual for the first of these…

This report, a clear statement of how one district developed a planning system, offers both a theoretical and a practical approach to providing the superintendent, his staff, and the board of education with a comprehensive planning system instrument for making policy decisions and allocating resources. Also provided are guidelines for involving…

Two distinct types of planning-programing-budgeting systems (PPBS) have been developed in the ESEA Title III, Intermediate Unit Planning Study, for use by intermediate units and by school districts in Pennsylvania (see EA 002 750). The first type is detailed in EA 002 751 and EA 002 753 and is referred to as the manual version. The second type is…

Educators must recognize the inadequacies of their planning, programing, evaluation, and budgeting systems. When these are redeveloped, PPBS will produce the cost/effectiveness data they are really capable of. (WM)

In adult education, program planning and administrative management are important areas within which economic analysis may contribute to effective and efficient decision making. The adult education administrator is faced with a dual economic task: (1) to prove beforehand that his programs will pay for the operating budget he is demanding; and (2)…

Educational resources are scarce and should be used efficiently. To do this, decision-makers in higher education need clearly defined objectives, creatively elaborated alternatives, and information about the costs and effectiveness of those alternatives. This paper describes a new management tool which is designed to provide better information…

This volume presents background information on the project and explains the needs and decisions that actuated its implementation. First year activities and some preliminary teaching material on the concept of PPB (planning-programing- budgeting) in education are also described. The major focus is on a description of the proposed system, a…

This conference paper discusses the role of the Planning, Programing, and Budgeting System (PPBS) in planning for educational programs. Proper PPBS analysis includes (1) correct problem definition, (2) consideration of alternative solutions, (3) ascertainment of peripheral effects of the alternatives, and (4) estimations of the cost and…

The Program Planning Budgeting Systems (PPBS) approach to decision-making has been adopted by government agencies and many colleges, universities and local school systems. As a result, the quantity of literature has increased phenomenally. This bibliography is intended to assist students, researchers, and practitioners in identifying references in…

In this book, the author attempts to aid those persons involved in finding ways to make school systems more efficient and productive through control systems. He begins by stating the problem and describing the services provided by Research and Evaluation (R&E) units. He discusses the various monitoring and reporting activities, work-flow…

This volume describes an automated procedure for multiyear enrollment forecasting in the Trenton, New Jersey, public schools. Enrollment forecasts generated by this procedure will provide enrollment estimates in each district's instructional program. Data required to operate the forecaster will be collected during the second year of its operation.…