The author suggests that to be accountable counselors need not only restrict themselves to precise observations of behavioral change. Subjective reality can also be a valid measure of a counselor's effectiveness. (Author)

This paper presents a concept of what a counselor is: a listener; a sensitive, tuned, instrument, a human being, risking oneself again and again in human encounters in which positive gain for the counselee must still reflect the personal dispositions of his own being. (KJ)

Interview behavior of trainees was rated by trainees themselves and by peers on intended and actual interview behavior. Counselor trainees perceived no significant differences, while peers found a gap between intended and actual behavior. (CJ)

Discusses the Babalawo, or (male) community counselor and divinator, and his role and function in a Nigerian village. Describes his counseling techniques in detail. (EJT)

Many research efforts have focused on the effect of client and counselor sex on the process and outcome of counseling. It was hypothesized that same-sex counselor-client dyads would develop a more open, empathic relationship than would opposite-sex dyads, and that this would be reflected in the number of sessions the counseling dyad spent…

As a characteristic which is most important for counselor effectiveness, the concept of empathy has long held a central position. The author uses this rationale as the main reason for his commentary on the value of empathy in counseling effectiveness. The author suggests that if counselors are convinced of the importance of empathy, 2 types of…

In two studies the Counselor Rating Form was shown to be sensitive to perceived differences among and within counselors of moderate and minimal levels of training/experience. A significant positive relationship was noted between perceived counselor expertness, attractiveness, and trustworthiness and willingness to refer oneself to the observed…

Client perception of effective health counselor behavior characteristics are identified. Implications for current health counseling processes, and for the training of future health counselors are noted. (JMF)

Investigation of extent of commitment to client through evolution of counselor verbal actions indicates that high commitment and expectancy are crucial to the helping relationship. (CJ)