The authors review the history of the concept of freedom in humanistic counseling theory and present a contemporary rationale for including certain negative implications of existential indeterminate free will in the theoretical foundations of the profession. Implications for counseling and a table of definitions that clarifies unique constructs…

The author explores Focusing (E. Gendlin, 1959, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1967, 1968, 1981, 1989, 1996, 2004) as a psychotherapeutic modality and presents background that led to the development of Focusing, its rationale and theoretical orientation, and supporting research. The author also provides a detailed and experiential illustration of the…

Complex expressions of empathy can include the thoughts, behaviors, or physical responses that accompany or contribute to the emotions. The focus of this article is to demonstrate how counselors can use empathy to integrate emotional understanding with the related thoughts, behaviors, or physical responses by different theoretical approaches.…

The authors describe the use of storytelling to assist children who have experienced the death of a family member or friend. The results support the theory that children are able to use narrative to express grief and loss and that artwork can aid in the expression of both experiences. (Contains 16 references.) (Author)

A visual diagram is presented in this article to illustrate 6 key concepts of Adlerian theory discussed in corresponding narrative format. It is proposed that in an age of multimedia learning, a pictorial reference can enhance the teaching and learning of Adlerian theory, representing a commitment to humanistic education. (Contains 18 references.)…

The consequences of burnout, including therapeutic ineffectiveness, premature occupational attrition, depression, and substance abuse, are potentially serious for counselors, both personally and professionally. After identifying the characteristics of burnout in professional counseling and introducing a humanistic existential theoretical model of…

Rogerian therapy is highly regarded and popular in Turkey. The model, however, represents individualistic Western culture. In this article, the author focuses on and discusses the validity of the model in Turkish culture and provides suggestions for counseling Turkish clients. (Contains 26 references.) (Author)

Counseling theories applied in initial clinical training courses (practicum) influence the counselors-in-training's future practice of counseling. Results of this study indicated that humanistic models are influential in current counseling practicum courses and will maintain a strong influence in the future. (Contains 21 references and 1 table.)…

The Systems of Care Philosophy, which incorporates clients' unique needs and strengths, encourages communication and involvement across disciplines and incorporates both traditional and nontraditional treatments to promote goal attainment, is the focus of this article. The authors present examples of Systems of Care Philosophy from clinical…

Counseling orientations are redescribed in terms of the relative importance they place on knowing. This epistemological redescription results in a reconsideration of the role of humanism. Specifically, rather than a treatment orientation, the author argues that humanism should be considered a moral imperative. Implications of this conclusion for…

In response to the documented incidences of homophobia in practitioners, advocates a more radicalized approach to counselor training titled Queer Theory. This approach forces individuals to rethink binary categories of "heterosexual,""homosexual,""male," and "female," and to accommodate the view of sexual…

Humanistic thought has been oppressed by the dominant forces of contemporary mental health culture. The author argues that the rebellious essence of humanism must be incited to counter these reductive ideologies that have monopolized our times. A critical appraisal of the philosophical dualisms that support the prevailing mechanistic vision of…

Nontraditional gender identity and expression have been ignored or pathologized in most school, agency, and family counseling settings. Transgenderist oppression is based on ignorance and fear of difference. Suggestions are given for counseling and advocacy using transgendered and gender-variant persons' strengths as a challenge to pathology-based…

From a humanistic orientation, Carl Rogers (1964) described 3 ways of knowing with reference to empathic understanding: subjective, interpersonal, and objective. In the context of a threefold perspective of knowledge, the author expands on Rogers's conception of empathy. As a consequence of a conceptual change in the direction of empathy,…

Jungian gender development theory provides the means to view the individuation process and how it is influenced by gender. Explains how women must come to understand what it means to be female and to recognize masculine components of their personality, just as men must understand their development. Suggests counselors have a responsibility to…