This review identifies two areas of therapist in-session functioning that contribute to positive psychotherapy outcome. The first area discussed is therapist interpersonal characteristics, or non-specific factors, and therapist interventions that contribute to establishing and maintaining a therapeutic alliance. Alliance has been shown in…

This paper reviews research conducted over the past 25 years on the therapist's use of self-disclosure and the therapeutic relationship. Various definitions of self-disclosure are reviewed, the content of therapist disclosures is considered, and the choice to disclose is examined. Methods of measuring self-disclosure are discussed and research on…

The practice of psychological intervention often relied on the ability of the therapist to understand how clients maintain a sense of relatedness to their world. Despite the many discontinuities of self-identity that affect the lives of clients, the success of therapy depends on clients' abilities to connect with human and nonhuman objects in…

This document investigates both immediate and long-term effects of childhood sexual abuse in order to help counselors identify victims and survivors. It is based on a search of the literature on child sexual abuse in the ALICE system in the Alden Library at Ohio University, and the Psychological Literature and Social Sciences Index. Key words used…

School counselors face identity crises since they must respond to the conflicting demands of students, faculty members, administrators, commercial and industrial interests, parents, and the local community. In order to defend themselves against public criticism, counselors must find a way of illustrating their effectiveness. Data obtained from an…