Most research on counselor training programs has focused on the trainee's responsive skills, while little research emphasis has been placed on the trainee's initiative dimensions that pave the way for more systematic action programs to help clients change their behavior. To examine various approaches to teaching one of the initiative skills, i.e.,…

Studied whether teaching and supervision had an impact on reflective-communication development. Examined effects of training on initial-interview behavior of supervisors and supervisees. Trainees who taught others and trainees receiving face-to-face supervision scored higher on most measures. Each method proved more or less equally effective in…

Most counselor training programs make extensive use of videotaped demonstrations to convey information about important aspects of counselor behaviors and skills. This study investigates three questions: (1) Is an "inappropriate" counselor perceived as less effective than an "appropriate" counselor? (2) Is a recognized counselor…