According to the American School Counselor Association, the role of a school counselor includes improving success for all students. Thus, the profession of school counseling encompasses a variety of tasks, duties, and responsibilities. One of the most fundamental responsibilities of a school counselor is to provide individual counseling to…

Many K-12 students face mental health challenges that affect them academically, socially, and emotionally. These challenges include anxiety, depression, trauma, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. While research on mental health models in school settings exits, specific attention has not been given to the role of school counselors in…

Child therapists face challenges regarding whether they should meet needs of not only their child-clients but needs of the parents of their clients. Their difficulties arise from the fact that although they are specialized in counseling children, the majority of them lack proper training in or education on working with parents (Lolan, 2011). Given…

To heal the hurt child, one begins not as a clinician but as a person trying to witness how the child experiences trauma. This requires more than just talking since the child's terrifying memories are stored in the brain's senses and visual imagery, not in rational thoughts and words. The goal is to change these frightening sensory experiences…

Client demands for immediate relief plus restrictions on the duration of therapy brought about by managed care are pressures that influence the marriage counselor. This article discusses the use of the TFA model as a viable, solution-focused approach to marriage counseling. (Contains 19 references.) (Author)

This monograph on career development begins with an examination of the antecedents of present day career initiatives. The evolution of the concepts of career and career development are reviewed and the rethinking and reformulating of these concepts that have occurred since 1900 are examined. The time period from 1900 to 1950 is reviewed as the…

Draws on three literatures to clarify the nature of preference and to establish its relationships to expectation and similarity in the context of a participatory psychotherapy and counseling model. The effects of not meeting needs, not honoring preferences, and disconfirming expectations are seen as important considerations for therapy process and…

This article presents practical applications of the theoretical notion of modeling. Use of the live and symbolic models is emphasized, along with the modeling techniques of role reversal and role identification. (Author)

Therapists involved with religious communities as leaders, employees, or community members face challenges in evaluating benefits and risks of dual relationships. Authors propose a three-level model of factors to use to evaluate risk: (a) professional ethics codes and legal guidelines, (b) theory of therapy, and (c) contextual variables and…

Presents a two-dimensional conceptual model which outlines a comprehensive approach to skill-oriented counselor training. Discusses eight major counselor roles: attender; clarifier; informer or describer; prober or inquirer; supporter or reassurer; motivator or prescriber; evaluator or analyzer; and problem solver. (Author)

Addresses difficult situations in counseling characterized by fundamental clash in values between client and counselor. Offers conceptual framework for understanding bases of fundamental value clashes, counselor bias, counselor integrity, and respect for clients. Presents model for ethical counseling concerning fundamental value clashes.…

The purpose of this article is to set out the key elements of the Chaos Theory of Careers. The complexity of influences on career development presents a significant challenge to traditional predictive models of career counseling. Chaos theory can provide a more appropriate description of career behavior, and the theory can be applied with clients…

The development and refinement of the Preservation, Accommodation, and Repatterning model (PAR) took place over a 10-year period. This paper presents a discussion of the evolution of PAR. The paper describes the observations and the line of empirical research findings that guided conceptualization and evaluation of the model. The model was…

Provides brief overview of models of ethics training and addresses specific strategies for preventing counselor-client sexual contact (knowledge, activities promoting self-awareness, provision of climate that enhances moral development). Discusses responsibilities of training programs, including provision of clear statements of rights and…

It is likely that counselor trainees will be exposed to suicidal clients and subsequently face personal dilemmas, stress, and feelings of incompetence. Ethical guidelines mandate that supervisors have procedures to assist supervisors in such times. Currently, the literature does not provide a framework for providing such supervision. This article…