Statistics education researchers have been challenged to consider the theory of inferentialism in understanding concept formation in students. A critique of inferentialism is that no comprehensive method has been formulated to use the theory in practice. In this paper an inferentialism-based framework is presented that appears to be capable of explicating the development of statistical concepts during learning. By following six 11-year-olds' learning over several statistical modelling cycles using TinkerPlots, the framework was used to capture their interrogative cycles of noticing and wondering, giving and asking for reasons, and sanctioning and censuring, as well as oscillations between concretising language about actions and conceptualising language towards concept formation. Five teaching episodes occurring near the beginning of a 12-week learning sequence are used to illustrate how the framework might be able to capture student concept formation over time.