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Ullrich K. H. Ecker; Toby Prike; Antonia B. Paver; Rosie J. Scott; Briony Swire-Thompson – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Misinformation often continues to influence people's reasoning even after it has been corrected. Therefore, an important aim of applied cognition research is to identify effective measures to counter misinformation. One frequently recommended but hitherto insufficiently tested strategy is source discreditation, that is, attacking the credibility…
Descriptors: Misinformation, Credibility, Information Sources, Conflict of Interest
Sean Guo; Briony Swire-Thompson; Xiaoqing Hu – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
Images generated using artificial intelligence (AI) have become increasingly realistic, sparking discussions and fears about an impending "infodemic" where we can no longer trust what we see on the internet. In this preregistered study, we examine whether providing specific media literacy tips about how to spot AI-generated images can…
Descriptors: Media Literacy, Artificial Intelligence, Technology Uses in Education, Visual Stimuli
Paige L. Kemp; Vanessa M. Loaiza; Colleen M. Kelley; Christopher N. Wahlheim – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
The efficacy of fake news corrections in improving memory and belief accuracy may depend on how often adults see false information before it is corrected. Two experiments tested the competing predictions that repeating fake news before corrections will either impair or improve memory and belief accuracy. These experiments also examined whether…
Descriptors: Young Adults, Older Adults, Beliefs, Misinformation
Bayley M. Wellons; Christopher N. Wahlheim – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2025
Misinformation exposure can cause inaccurate beliefs and memories. These unwanted outcomes can be mitigated when misinformation reminders--veracity-labeled statements that repeat earlier-read false information--appear before corrections with true information. The present experiment used eye tracking to examine the role of attention while encoding…
Descriptors: Misinformation, Beliefs, Attitude Change, Memory
Jula Lühring; Apeksha Shetty; Corinna Koschmieder; David Garcia; Annie Waldherr; Hannah Metzler – Cognitive Research: Principles and Implications, 2024
Prior studies indicate that emotions, particularly high-arousal emotions, may elicit rapid intuitive thinking, thereby decreasing the ability to recognize misinformation. Yet, few studies have distinguished prior affective states from emotional reactions to false news, which could influence belief in falsehoods in different ways. Extending a study…
Descriptors: Misinformation, Emotional Response, Affective Behavior, College Students