When asked to describe possible elicitors of fear, American children generate more stories about imaginary creatures than realistic ones; Palestinian children generate more realistic than imaginary causes (Kayyal et al., 2015). The current study reversed this task to investigate whether these patterns persist when American (n = 72) and Palestinian…

The current study aimed to investigate the cultural differences in the developmental origins of children's intent-based moral judgment and moral behavior in the context of indirect reciprocity. To this end, we compared how German and Chinese children interpret and react to antisocial and prosocial interactions between puppets. An actor puppet…

This study examined future-oriented behavior in children (3-6 years; N = 193) from three diverse societies--one industrialized Western city and two small, geographically isolated communities. Children had the opportunity to prepare for two alternative versions of an immediate future event over six trials. Some 3-year-olds from all cultures…

Certain social context features (e.g., maternal presence) are known to increase young children's exploration, a key process by which they learn. Yet limited research investigates the role of social context, especially peer presence, in exploration across development. We investigate whether the effect of peer presence on exploration is mediated by…

The disorder of autism is widely recognised throughout the world. However, the diagnostic criteria and theories of autism are based on research predominantly conducted in Western cultures. Here we compare the expression of autistic traits in a sample of neurotypical individuals from one Western culture (UK) and two Eastern cultures (India and…

Cross-cultural differences in romantic attitudes are often taken for granted and accepted. However, very little research has been conducted to clearly state how much and how different Albanian and American college students are in the way they love. Results indicate that Americans are more romantic than Albanians. In addition, Americans are more…

Rehabilitation counselors, aides, and supervisory personnel rated statements on a 36-item inventory as behaviors characteristic either of poor or middle class clients. The results showed consistent ratings that provided evidence that meaningful cross-cultural differences exist. Special considerations for cross-cultural counseling are discussed…

Adolescents in England and Ireland completed a problem check list; results showed that problem experience varied systematically with age, sex, and culture. (Author/RH)

Compares the number of legal abortions performed in the United States and Britain. Reveals that the rate of abortion in the United States is more than twice that of Britain. Analyzes the reasons for the different rates. (Author)

Conducted post hoc analysis of 60 Hispanics and 60 Caucasians who had filed under workers' compensation to examine cross-cultural differences of somatization and malingering as assessed by Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory. Significant differences were found for somatization; Hispanics were more likely to somatize. Minimal differences…

This article is part of a series of studies that the author and his Israeli students are conducting into the roots of loneliness and the sources of positive life styles. It includes a discussion of the Japanese pattern of "amae" or healthy dependency. (Editor/RK)

Eight German and eight Italian children were observed during their first year in preschool. Cultural differences and similarities in play and behavior and sex differences are reported. Findings suggest that strategies that children use to enter kindergarten or a new group exist universally. (Author/RH)

The argument here is that the passivity inherent in Chicano culture as reflected in disclaimed activity in dreams is general enough to be found even in relatively acculturated and educationally advanced Chicanos like the subjects in this study. (Author)

Findings reported here suggest that although cultural background is significantly related to children's reported behavioral dispositions, perceived parental acceptance-rejection accounts for a larger portion of the variance in children's self-reported behavioral dispositions than does culture. (Author)