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Evans, Kelli J.; Evans, David L. – International Journal of Language & Communication Disorders, 2019
Background: Although long-term social challenges following traumatic brain injury (TBI) are well documented, the challenges of establishing new relationships following TBI are less understood. Aims: To examine how the type of non-verbal cues produced by an unfamiliar communication partner impacts feelings of relationship closeness by people with…
Descriptors: Cues, Nonverbal Communication, Brain, Injuries
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Murphy, Jeremy W.; Foxe, John J.; Molholm, Sophie – Developmental Science, 2016
The ability to attend to one among multiple sources of information is central to everyday functioning. Just as central is the ability to switch attention among competing inputs as the task at hand changes. Such processes develop surprisingly slowly, such that even into adolescence, we remain slower and more error prone at switching among tasks…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Executive Function, Physiology, Brain
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Lv, Caixia; Wang, Quanhong – Brain and Cognition, 2012
Event-related brain potentials (ERPs) were recorded during a Chinese character decision task to examine whether N400 amplitude is modulated by stimulus font. Results revealed large negative-going ERPs in an N400 time window of 300-500 ms to stimuli presented in degraded Xing Kai Ti (XKT) font compared with more intact Song Ti (ST) font regardless…
Descriptors: Evidence, Cues, Romanization, Chinese
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Lee, Inah; Shin, Ji Yun – Learning & Memory, 2012
The exact roles of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) in conditional choice behavior are unknown and a visual contextual response selection task was used for examining the issue. Inactivation of the mPFC severely disrupted performance in the task. mPFC inactivations, however, did not disrupt the capability of perceptual discrimination for visual…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Cues, Visual Perception, Task Analysis
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Rossion, Bruno; Hanseeuw, Bernard; Dricot, Laurence – Brain and Cognition, 2012
A number of human brain areas showing a larger response to faces than to objects from different categories, or to scrambled faces, have been identified in neuroimaging studies. Depending on the statistical criteria used, the set of areas can be overextended or minimized, both at the local (size of areas) and global (number of areas) levels. Here…
Descriptors: Cues, Measures (Individuals), Brain, Feedback (Response)
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Schmitz, Florian; Voss, Andreas – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 2012
In four experiments, task-switching processes were investigated with variants of the alternating runs paradigm and the explicit cueing paradigm. The classical diffusion model for binary decisions (Ratcliff, 1978) was used to dissociate different components of task-switching costs. Findings can be reconciled with the view that task-switching…
Descriptors: Models, Cognitive Processes, Costs, Task Analysis
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Sauter, Disa A.; Panattoni, Charlotte; Happe, Francesca – British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 2013
Emotional cues contain important information about the intentions and feelings of others. Despite a wealth of research into children's understanding of facial signals of emotions, little research has investigated the developmental trajectory of interpreting affective cues in the voice. In this study, 48 children ranging between 5 and 10 years were…
Descriptors: Recognition (Psychology), Cues, Emotional Response, Task Analysis
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Gupta, Kishan; Keller, Lauren A.; Hasselmo, Michael E. – Learning & Memory, 2012
Intrinsic persistent spiking mechanisms in medial entorhinal cortex (mEC) neurons may play a role in active maintenance of working memory. However, electrophysiological studies of rat mEC units have primarily focused on spatial modulation. We sought evidence of differential spike rates in the mEC in rats trained on a T-maze, cued spatial delayed…
Descriptors: Evidence, Stimuli, Physical Activities, Maintenance
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Arciuli, Joanne; McMahon, Katie; de Zubicaray, Greig – Brain and Language, 2012
What helps us determine whether a word is a noun or a verb, without conscious awareness? We report on cues in the way individual English words are spelled, and, for the first time, identify their neural correlates via functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). We used a lexical decision task with trisyllabic nouns and verbs containing…
Descriptors: Spelling, Grammar, Brain, Word Recognition
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Muller, Melissa D.; Fountain, Stephen B. – Learning and Motivation, 2010
Three experiments examined the processes mediating rat serial pattern learning for rule-consistent versus rule-violating pattern elements ("violation elements"). In all three experiments, rats were trained to press retractable levers in a circular array in a specific sequence for brain-stimulation reward (BSR). Experiment 1 examined the role of…
Descriptors: Animals, Cognitive Processes, Cues, Serial Ordering
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Lee, Inah; Solivan, Frances – Learning & Memory, 2010
Objects are often remembered with their locations, which is an important aspect of event memory. Despite the well-known involvement of the hippocampus in event memory, detailed intrahippocampal mechanisms are poorly understood. In particular, no experimental evidence has been provided in support of the role of the dentate gyrus (DG) in…
Descriptors: Cues, Recall (Psychology), Spatial Ability, Memory
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Oh, Hwamee; Leung, Hoi-Chung – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2010
In this fMRI study, we investigated prefrontal cortex (PFC) and visual association regions during selective information processing. We recorded behavioral responses and neural activity during a delayed recognition task with a cue presented during the delay period. A specific cue ("Face" or "Scene") was used to indicate which one of the two…
Descriptors: Cues, Tests, Short Term Memory, Brain
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Somerville, Leah H.; Hare, Todd; Casey, B. J. – Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 2011
Adolescent risk-taking is a public health issue that increases the odds of poor lifetime outcomes. One factor thought to influence adolescents' propensity for risk-taking is an enhanced sensitivity to appetitive cues, relative to an immature capacity to exert sufficient cognitive control. We tested this hypothesis by characterizing interactions…
Descriptors: Cues, Self Control, Public Health, Adolescents
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Benoit, Roland G.; Werkle-Bergner, Markus; Mecklinger, Axel; Kray, Jutta – Brain and Cognition, 2009
This study investigated preparatory processes involved in adapting to changing episodic memory retrieval demands. Event-related potentials (ERPs) were recorded while participants performed a general old/new recognition task and a specific task that also required retrieval of perceptual details. The relevant task remained either constant or changed…
Descriptors: Cues, Memory, Diagnostic Tests, Task Analysis
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Sutton, Jennifer E.; Joanisse, Marc F.; Newcombe, Nora S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2010
Recent studies have used spatial reorientation task paradigms to identify underlying cognitive mechanisms of navigation in children, adults, and a range of animal species. Despite broad interest in this task across disciplines, little is known about the brain bases of reorientation. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine neural…
Descriptors: Cues, Computer Simulation, Brain, Geometric Concepts
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