Practical arts (home economics and industrial arts), art, and music (PAM) were recombined into sixteen new elective courses to give early secondary pupils greater exposure to these areas using central themes and allowing considerable flexibility in programing. (MS)

Vocational enrollment is declining because of an increase in academic requirements. Because job skills are changing so rapidly, employers are increasingly choosing to provide their own vocational training to students who have mastered standard academic requirements. However, the lack of hands-on methodology in academic curricula and the lack of…