The scope of this article is twofold: to revisit the foundational importance of Business Spanish to the United States and to track its early formalization in American secondary and higher education. It will focus on the years surrounding American Independence in 1776, followed by the key role played by the American Association of Teachers of…

I begin this article by briefly explaining why I think CercleS should encourage university language centres to align their courses and assessment with the proficiency levels of the "Common European Framework of Reference for Languages" (CEFR) and why they should use a version of the European Language Portfolio (ELP) to support the…

Address delivered at the Founding Conference of the Canadian Association of Second Language Teachers, Winnipeg, Manitoba, October 23, 1970. (DS)

This guide for French teachers was prepared with the help of teaching professionals who responded to a questionnaire administered in April 1973. It gives suggestions and information on: (1) curriculum planning, achievement levels, and sample programs; (2) teaching materials; (3) testing; (4) teacher aids such as workshops, professional…

The leitmotif of this address, inspired by lines found in William B. Yeats'"The Second Coming", underscores the need for a greater display of solidarity of language teachers through increased participation in professional associations. The work of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) is discussed and noted to be vital…

Five brief essays are presented in response to an earlier article on leadership in college foreign-language departments. They address issues of curriculum redesign, pedagogical change, the nature of language teaching, the professional identity of language teachers, the role of professional organizations, and the traditional departmental model. A…

The diminishing status of Latin in the curriculum underscores the author's plea to Latin teachers to strive toward the implementation of nine suggestions concerning: (1) improved teaching, (2) professional cooperation, (3) institutes and workshops, (4) organizational support, (5) the Junior Classical League, (6) experiments and projects, (7)…

This guide was developed by the Foreign Language Committee of the Oklahoma Curriculum Improvement Commission, and is designed to be used by teachers of foreign languages. The fifteen chapters include: (1) "Selection of a Foreign Language Text," (2) "Middle School (Exploratory Language Programs)," (3) "Foreign Language in…