Background: We examined the association between intellectual disabilities (ID) and pneumonia severity at admission. Methods: We extracted patients admitted to hospital for pneumonia from July 2010 to March 2018 using the Diagnosis Procedure Combination database. We measured pneumonia severity using the A-DROP system. After 1:4 cohort matching…

Background: Given the importance of adaptive behaviour (AB) for the identification of intellectual disability and the design of intervention plans for people with Down syndrome (DS), this cross-sectional study explored AB in infants with DS, compared to infants with typical development (TD). Method: we evaluated 60 infants (10-36 months) with…

Background: The study reported here investigated the views of staff who worked with adults with intellectual disability regarding the likely future of such adults. Method: Staff were provided with a short vignette portraying an adult with intellectual disability and asked to describe that individual's future in five years and then to indicate the…

Background: This meta-analysis focused on the teaching of skills to individuals with intellectual disability (ID) to maximise independence increase the likelihood of full participation in all aspects of life, economic self-sufficiency, and independent living. Visual activity schedules (VAS) is an intervention with a growing evidence base that…

Background: People with intellectual disability and chronic and complex support needs often require unique models of care that are intensive and expensive. How these supports can be continued within a rapidly changing policy and funding context in Australia, has not been fully determined. Method: This descriptive study utilised a retrospective…

Background: After 21 years of age, adults with a profound intellectual disability (PID) have limited access to specialised services. An important concern that emerges is the potential decrease in their social participation. Knowing the benefits of social participation for adults with PID, it is relevant to address this issue. Method: This scoping…

Background: Understanding adaptive behaviour variability in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) may have important implications for early intervention. The purpose of this study was to explore whether autism symptom severity and caregiver depression affected adaptive behaviour in young children with ASD. Method: Data were collected from…

Background: The lifespan of women with intellectual disability (ID) has been steadily increasing, bringing new and unique challenges to these individuals and those who support them. Understanding these issues will help to improve support services for this population. Methods: Using inclusive research methods, 15 older women with ID were…

Background: Active support (AS) has gained popularity as an approach for assisting people with intellectual disability to engage more fully in everyday activities. Although research has identified changes in the extent that residents are engaged in meaningful activities, the experience of stakeholders such as residents, staff, and family in AS is…

Background: The provision of residential services for adults with intellectual disability in developing countries has not been widely researched. This study presents a survey of such facilities in a South African context. Method: Managers of 37 nongovernmental facilities in the Western Cape Province of South Africa responded to a survey about…

Background: The Revised Irrabeena Core Skills Assessment (RICSA) is used in formal accommodation services and evaluates the functional skills of adults with an intellectual disability. The assessment is used to inform training for skills development. This study focused on establishing evidence for interrater reliability of the RICSA. Method: The…

Background: Functional abilities and social outcomes of young adults with cerebral palsy (CP) are relatively underresearched. Improvements in paediatric care have extended the expectation of achieving adulthood to 90%. Method: Young adults aged 20-30 years with CP (n = 335) were compared to a population-based control group (n = 2,152) of the same…

Background: Interaction between caregivers and children with severe impairments is closely related to the demands of daily activities. This study examines the relationship between interaction and the routine mealtime activity at home. Method: Patterns of interaction between a child (aged 6 years and 6 months) with severe speech and physical…

Background: Most people with a disability want to remain living in their own home as they age. Without additional support, people with a disability may not be able to avoid moving into residential aged care, attending day programs, or becoming isolated from participation in the wider community. This study examined whether participants perceived…

Background: Positive behaviour support emphasises the impact of contextual variables to enhance participation, choice, and quality of life. This study evaluates a sequence for implementing changes to key contextual variables for 4 individuals. Interventions were maintained and data collection continued over a 3-year period. Method: Functional…