The purpose of the present study was to investigate the nature of the processing of material for recall and recognition as a function of Ss' knowledge of mode of test in order to provide an interpretation of earlier studies. (Author/RK)

Tulving and others (Tulving, 1974; Tulving & Madigan, 1970) have distinguished two kinds of forgetting of verbal information: trace-dependent forgetting and cue-dependent forgetting. Attempts to determine which type occurs in retroactive inhibition of free-recall learning. (Author/RK)

Results show that paired-associate learning proceeds at a faster rate beyond the third grade. (Authors)

Results of experiment clearly indicate the superiority of forward associations. (Author)

PAVLOV (Paired Associate Verbal Learning Organizational Vehicle) is a Fortran coded program designed to facilitate the analysis of learning data. The program analyzes four classes of information parameters, list order, data format, and data. Utilizing this input, the program performs an in-depth measurement of several dependent variables for each…

Two techniques of anxiety reduction are studied singly and in combination: rapid repetition of words and paired-associate learning. Paired-associate learning with Counteracting Response Associates yielded the best long-term reduction in response anxiety, which suggests the potential application of this technique in therapy. (Authors/CB)

Two experiments were designed to detect frustration phenomena hitherto only observed in subhuman animals, frustration being defined as the omission of the response item after a correct anticipation in a partial reinforcement schedule. (Authors)

Conclusions from five experiments were: that the frequency of implicit associational responses has minimal effect on verbal-discrimination and two-category classification learning; and that the intrapair associations which do develop in verbal-discrimination learning are not critically involved in the making of those discriminations. (Authors/CB)

Results confirm the observation that college students tend to select the more meaningful of two redundant-cue elements for completion of the associative stage of PA learning. (Authors)

Previous puzzling inconsistencies in results of experimental comparisions of paired-associate anticipation with recall (study-test) methods are indicated by Izawa's 1971 data to reflect longer inter- and/or intratrial intervals in experiments showing marked superiority of the recall method. (Editor)

Findings were that imagery instructions for picture pairs were generally more facilitative than imagery instructions for word pairs, with children at this age exhibiting little variability in their capacity to utilize a visual imagery strategy when pictures comprised the learning materials. (Authors)

Experiment was concerned with the validity of the assumptions involved in the proposal of some minor modifications in the frequency theory of verbal-discrimination learning. (Author/CB)

Research was designed to extend the encoding variability hypothesis to highly integrated verbal units and to explore the relationship between stimulus and response meaningfulness in an A-C transfer paradigm. (Authors)

Reinstatement is the increased retention of previously learned behavior. (MB)