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Garon, Nancy M.; Longard, Julie; Bryson, Susan E.; Moore, Chris – Cognitive Development, 2012
This study explored factors underlying preschoolers' ability to make future-oriented choices. In a delay-of-gratification choice task, quantity and visibility of the reward was systematically varied. Participants included 90 typically developing children aged 2-4 years. Children made more choices to delay gratification as the quantity of the…
Descriptors: Delay of Gratification, Age Differences, Rewards, Decision Making
Lagattuta, Kristin Hansen; Sayfan, Liat – Cognitive Development, 2011
Two measures assessed 4-10-year-olds' and adults' (N = 201) understanding of future likelihood and uncertainty. In one task, participants sequenced sets of event pictures varying by one physical dimension according to increasing future likelihood. In a separate task, participants rated characters' thoughts about the likelihood of future events,…
Descriptors: Self Concept, Children, Adults, Task Analysis
Seguin, Jean R.; Arseneault, Louise; Tremblay, Richard E. – Cognitive Development, 2007
Impairments in either "cool" or "hot" processes may represent two pathways to deficient decision-making. Whereas cool processes are associated with cognitive and rational decisions, hot processes are associated with emotional, affective, and visceral processes. In this study, 168 boys were administered a card-playing task at ages 13 and 14 years…
Descriptors: Individual Characteristics, Psychopathology, Decision Making, Adolescents