Purpose: Sustainability within tertiary curriculum is hard to measure and often perceived to be illusive in nature. Existing higher education sustainability assessment tools rarely focus on the curriculum. This paper aims to establish and implement a tool that can measure sustainability integration within curriculum. The Faculty of Engineering and…

Looks at the present uses of programing, planning, and budgeting in school districts. (JF)

A discussion of traditional approaches to design forms the basis for the presentation of a methodology for architectural design. In particular, the sequence of analysis-synthesis-evaluation is given as being indicative of most design approaches. Variations of this sequence are examined and the importance of correctly ordering parts of any…

Describes graphically a simplified version of PERT (Program Evaluation and Review Technique), an instrument for organizing, planning, and implementing work projects. (KJ)

An Educational Resources Management System (ERMS) provides a model for adapting a planning-programing-budgeting system (PPBS) to decisionmaking in local educational districts. Initially, educators set the educational goals of their districts, from which programs are designed to produce outcomes compatible with the initial objectives. Evaluation,…

Presents a systems theory approach to strategic planning and a framework for conceptualizing and managing the process more effectively. Reviews problems in past strategic planning efforts, presents a synopsis of systems theory, and applies the systems approach to planning and decision-making processes. Includes two figures and 26 references. (MLH)

A recognition of pradigmatic diversity and the contribution of multiple paradigms to planning greatly enriches both theory and practice. This analysis groups planning definitions into two general models, associates both with hard and soft systems thinking, and examines conceptual roots. The interpretive/humanist paradigm often highlights…

A computer based planning and budgeting system aids decisionmakers in planning for allocation of limited resources. (RA)

This bibliography suggests a number of introductory readings that will enable regional and urban planners to understand the systems approach. The main focus of the research study that gave rise to this review of the literature was on establishing ways in which decisionmakers in regional planning could be helped in making their choices. The…

Strategic management is concerned with determining the long-term goals of an enterprise and deciding on the most appropriate course of action to achieve them. Strategic planning can revive the entrepreneurial characteristics of a business whose survival otherwise could be threatened. (Author/WM)

Today's unprecedented rate of change requires that decision-makers use effective procedures to deal with the increasing complexity and uncertainty regarding the future results of their decisions. Strategic planning is a middle- and long-range method that fills this need. Its holistic, general-systems orientation is the only way to handle the…

Academic planning in higher education is strongly influenced by business management theories and practices. The author questions the usefulness of this approach because the nature of higher education differs from the nature of a profit-making business. However, rational planning to achieve efficiency is relevant if efficiency is not confined to…

One of the responsibilities of the National Science Foundation (NSF) is to support the effective dissemination of scientific information. The performance of this responsibility requires NSF to evaluate alternative information systems/services which are proposed for this purpose. This responsibility necessitates making decisions which are similar…

Systemic planning is an operational approach to using scientific rigor and qualitative judgment in a complementary manner. It integrates rigorous techniques and methods from systems analysis, cybernetics, decision theory, and work programing. The annotated reference sources in this bibliography include those works that have been most influential…