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Scott, W. Richard; Meyer, John W. – 1982
Following recent thinking that sees organizations' structures as dependent on their environments, the authors consider characteristics of institutional sectors that affect the organizations arising within them. They first point out problems in present models relating organizations to their environments and discuss several "forerunners"…
Descriptors: Decision Making, Group Structure, Models, Organizational Theories
Gillespie, Judith A.; Ehman, Lee H. – 1974
A theoretical framework for mapping school political life is developed which distinguishes elite, bureaucratic, coalitional, and participant types of school political organizations. The framework provides tools for analyzing and comparing patterns of political behavior within and across school political behavior settings. Definitions and…
Descriptors: Behavior Patterns, Change Strategies, Decision Making, Educational Change
Taylor, Lloyd A. – 1967
Mentally retarded children were studied for their conceptual development and movement from the ability to perceive persons as separate entities but not in significant interaction (aprasia) to group activity. A quasi-projection technique was used to test six groups of 20 boys each, including institutionalized and family-based normals (aged 6 and…
Descriptors: Abstract Reasoning, Child Development, Cognitive Processes, Concept Formation