According to Cowan, an underground rule is one that affects underlying but not surface structure of the item responsible for a phonological change. (DD)

Work supported by a National Institutes of Mental Health Grant. (DD)

Examines certain surface differences between Black English and Standard English and concludes that, with some minor exceptions, the underlying correspondences are identical. (FB)

It is asserted that the treatment of intonation within the framework of generative grammar has not shown whether surface syntactic structure is sufficient for formulation of phonological rules. An attempt is made to demonstrate that within English phonology reference to deep structure is necessary. (Available from: See FL 508 214). (RM)

To account for vowel alternations in forms such as divine-divinity, Chomsky and Halle propose the Vowel Shift Rule and other rules. This study experimentally assesses the psychological validity and generality of these rules by testing the productivity of vowel alternation. Subjects were required, in a meaningful sentence context, to produce a…

Translation may be compared to a cable composed of many simultaneous strands of transfer. In translation, there is replacement which involves general hierarchical organization, grammatical constructions and constituents, mapping of deep onto surface structures, classes, ordering, lexicon, phonology, concordance, points of ambiguity, and…

At present a computer system cannot be constructed for handling the totality of a natural language in any significant way. It is, however, possible to construct a system for communication in a narrow field of discourse. A working model for a specialized discourse based on a recognition grammar is discussed. Some properties of the recognition…