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Direct linkYe, Wangqiong; Strietholt, Rolf; Blömeke, Sigrid – Educational Assessment, Evaluation and Accountability, 2021
Academic resilience refers to students' capacity to perform highly despite a disadvantaged background. Although most studies using international large-scale assessment (ILSA) data defined academic resilience with two criteria, student background and achievement, their conceptualizations and operationalizations varied substantially. In a systematic…
Descriptors: Resilience (Psychology), Norms, Validity, International Assessment
