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Smith, Peter K.; And Others – Early Child Development and Care, 1985
Despite much effort by scholars, the definition of play remains a problem. Observers of preschool children tend to rate constructive activities as play; this has implications for play criteria. Types of play recorded may be appreciably affected by the time frame of observations and the use or lack of supplementary interviews. (RH)
Descriptors: Classification, Definitions, Measurement, Play

Howard, Justine – Early Child Development and Care, 2002
Used the Activity Apperception Story Procedure to elicit perceptions of play, work, and learning from 3- to 6-year-olds. Found that children could distinguish play/work and learning/not learning using photographs. While children attended to anticipated cues for justifying their classification of photos, the justification data suggested that the…
Descriptors: Childhood Attitudes, Classification, Definitions, Play