Charles Murray's book, "Losing Ground: American Social Policy, 1950-1980," proposes the abolition of benefit programs for all working-aged persons for the following reasons: (1) it is logically impossible for the government to aid the poor by creating incentives for people to become poor; (2) since the mid-1960s the United States has so…

The New York City Adult Literacy Initiative served 54,568 adults in sponsored classes in fiscal 1990-91. The program is administered through six agencies, including the public schools, City University of New York, a community development agency, and three public library systems. The Literacy Assistance Center was established to provide technical…

An assessment was made of the impact of vocational education in North Dakota by surveying 1984 vocational graduates concerning how their vocational training affected their employability, whether they were employed in their area of training, and how they would evaluate their vocational experiences. Data were collected through a mail survey of 800…

Based on data concerning disabilities that were obtained from the 1981 and 1982 Current Population Surveys (CPS), it appears that the average working-aged disabled American is about 50 years old, has a high school education, is not in the labor force, and subsists on a low level of income. Also evident is the fact that disability is much more…

A study examined career aspirations and job attainment among women returning to college in Maryland. To determine the effectiveness of Maryland continuing education programs for women, a random sample of 767 women aged 32 to 45 from seven institutions (universities, colleges, and two-year colleges) were surveyed by telephone to obtain information…

Management information system (MIS) data about women's participation in Missouri's job training system funded under Title II-A of the Job Training Partnership Act (JTPA) in program year 1992 were analyzed. Analysis of data from Missouri's 15 service delivery areas (SDAs) established the following: 75% of the state's 4,598 female JTPA participants…

The Professional Nurse Traineeship (PNT) program was created to provide nursing schools that place high proportions of their graduates in medically underserved communities with additional funding to support students in graduate nursing education or training. A total of 4,332 nurses who graduated in the academic years of 1996-1997 or 1997-1998 from…

A study was conducted to develop strategies to increase placement rates in secondary and postsecondary vocational programs. During the study, researchers identified factors relating to job placement, provided descriptions of the educational and community processes appearing to influence job placement, and generated hypotheses concerning variables…

Arizona's migrant farmworker population was examined to determine the recent changes in its demographic characteristics, and changes in worker characteristics that could be anticipated by 1980 and their implications for educative and supportive services to migrant children between 1977 and 1980. Information was also obtained on migrant student…

A study assessed the impact of an Adult Basic Education (ABE) program on a sample of students enrolled in the Philadelphia ABE classes during the 1977-1978 school year. In order to assess the long-term effects of the ABE program, the researcher interviewed a random sample of 267 voluntary participants of the Philadelphia ABE day session after an…

A study examined the labor market problems of the United States' out-of-school youth population and trends in the development and attempted solution of those problems over the past 20 years. The study's major areas of focus were as follows: trends in the nation's out-of-school youth population's size and demographic composition; trends in the…

This report examines the operation and outcomes of Illinois' welfare programs in fiscal year 1995. The Illinois Department of Public Aid's new emphasis on providing incentives/assistance to move welfare recipients from welfare to work is explained. Next, the following programs are discussed: Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) and Job…

A study compared three New Jersey vocational rehabilitation programs serving schizophrenic clients to identify program strengths and successes in vocationally rehabilitating schizophrenic clients. The effective program elements were then related to the variables found to have a significant impact on rehabilitation outcome according to previous…

This report describes the efforts conducted by the Administration on Aging in response to the congressional mandate to develop and implement a national policy for the field of aging in accordance with the requirements set forth in the Older Americans Act Amendments of 1978 (PL 95-478). The current status of education, training, and employment of…