A discussion of the derivation of the reflexive "se" in Spanish yields the generalization that the reflexive pronouns are always generated by the same reflexive rule. (CK)

The morphotonemics of Ganda have been particularly troublesome to linguists trying to describe the tonal structure of Bantu languages. Ganda has three surface tones, and changes in the surface tones parallel changes in grammatical function only part of the time. The author has found that a description of Ganda tones becomes manageable if instead…

According to Cowan, an underground rule is one that affects underlying but not surface structure of the item responsible for a phonological change. (DD)

Discusses two causes of what is considered here the inadequacy of generative grammars. (RM)

Examines several subtypes of the verbal sequency NP-VP1-VP2 in Chinese, especially those involving descriptions of human action, directed motion, and instrumental functions, and finds that these could be subsumed under the heading of "purposive clauses." The VP1 states an action whose goal is fulfilled by the action performed in VP2. (Author/RM)

This paper formulates a semantic distinction between predicates in Japanese which take indirect questions and those which cannot, and advances a hypothesis that the former crucially involve in their semantics the absence, acquisition, presence, and loss of information relevant in certain ways. (Author)

Research supported by the Center for Medieval and Renaissance Studies, Ohio State University. (DD)

A study is made of the derivation of English verbs from instrumental prepositional phrases, and their morphology and semantic categories are discussed. (Available from: See FL 508 214.) (RM)

This article examines the conditions under which impersonal constructions may be used in French. The basic idea is that few rules govern this use, and that principally it is a matter of lexical interpretation. (Text is in French.) (AM)

Expanded version of a paper presented before the Applied Linguistics Section of the South Central Modern Language Association Convention, Memphis, Tennessee, 1970. (DD)

Work supported by a National Institutes of Mental Health Grant. (DD)

Discussion of whether the Japanese copula can adequately be described as a dummy, i.e., as an element which although existing in the surface structure can be dispensed with in the deep structure of a sentence; based on a paper read at the 1970 meeting of the Societas Linguistica Europaea, Prague, Czechoslovakia. (RS)