In the early 1990s, the Supreme Court established standards to facilitate the release of school districts from racial desegregation orders. Over the next two decades, federal courts declared almost half of all districts under court order in 1991 to be "unitary"--that is, to have met their obligations to eliminate dual systems of…

"Residential segregation's causes are both knowable and known," writes Richard Rothstein. According to Rothstein, those causes are "20th century federal, state, and local policies explicitly designed to separate the races." Even seasoned policymakers are convinced that the residential isolation of low-income black children is…

To shed light on the actual impact of school choice on segregation, one has to understand the counter factual--the state of segregation under the current public education system. In the late 1960s and '70s, the trend in public school racial segregation followed the trend in neighborhood segregation. That is to say both improved as American…

The relationship between school desegregation and housing desegregation is the subject of this study, which used official census and school district data from the 25 central cities with black populations over 100,000 in 1980. Both school and housing desegregation were measured with the index of dissimilarity. Results show a clear correlation…

This project report examines strategies for effective school desegregation based on case studies of individual schools, national school surveys, ethnographic studies of classrooms, trend analyses, opinion surveys and conference interviews, and court documents. The strategies identified in the report include the attainment of one or more of the…

This publication reports on the effects of school desegregation in Milwaukee (Wisconsin) Public Schools 15 years after desegregation was introduced and focuses on the quality of education available for minorities. In particular, the report looks at desegregation and educational outcomes, interracial and human relations, the effect of housing…

Recent increases in black migration to the suburbs and the continuing existence of discrimination in housing have emphasized the issues of integration and resegregation in suburban municipalities. To prevent resegregation, many integrated municipalities have adopted integration maintenance measures such as efforts to inform people that racial…

This manual contains information to help predominantly white suburban school systems achieve racial integration and provide equal education and equal employment opportunities. The manual advocates a comprehensive approach that would direct affirmative action at students, curricular and extracurricular programs, all phases of employment, and public…

The significance of continuing segregation in Chicago's public schools is discussed in this report. The failure of the "Access to Excellence" program to achieve voluntary school integration in spite of magnet programs and permissive transfers is described. The question of white flight is examined in light of the belief that mandatory…

This is the record of a series of Congressional subcommittee hearings on the progress, problems, and effectiveness of desegregation efforts in public schools. Included are statements and testimonies of educators, social scientists, legal scholars, public officials, and parents on the relative advantages and disadvantages of various desegregation…