This article reviews the literature on challenges faced by engineering faculty in educating their students on community-engaged, sustainable technical solutions in developing countries. We review a number of approaches to increasing teaching modules on social and community components of international development education, from adding capstone…

A community water supply project in Cameroon illustrates the following constraints on community participation in development: paternalistic authorities, prescriptive role of the state, selective participation, bias toward "hard" issues, inattention to negative results, group conflicts, gatekeeping, pressure for immediate results,…

Identifies two competing tendencies in higher education: becoming more market-oriented and working for the benefit of society. Argues that partnerships between the community and institutions of higher education are an effective way of contributing to community development. Describes the potential of South Africa's historically disadvantaged…

The central issue of this document is the question of how the nation's human resources can be helped to play their most effective role in development and of the extent to which this role includes some share in decision making, both in the preparation of plans and in their implementation. Emphasis is placed on the use of national planning…

This was an empirical study of actual processes of change as they were induced and as they occurred in a number of Indian communities. The tools were: a questionnaire composed of a number of schedules prepared for this purpose; case studies of leaders and of action situations; case histories of community institutions; an attitude study; and an…

The Kuru Development Trust is a development support program that is owned and controlled by the communities in which the organization operates, the majority being San, or Bushmen, communities in the Kalahari region of Africa. Following a holistic approach to development, Kuru is involved in a wide range of activities, including income-generating…

Reports results of a study of the Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement in Sri Lanka. Sarvodaya is a nonprofit, nongovernment community education-cum-development movement working in nearly 3,000 villages in Sri Lanka. "Sarvodaya" means universal awakening and "Shramadana" means sharing of one's time, energy, and thought for the good of…

Focusing on the experience of one of seven working groups at a theater-for-development workshop in Zimbabwe, this report details the process followed by many groups, and reveals some of the major learnings, dilemmas, contradictions, strengths, and limiting factors found in a practical village-based theater-for-development process. A brief…

Discusses the use of video and local television for community development in developing nations, taken from his report, "Television for Development: The African Experience." Highlights include the use of media by untrained people, the importance of communication, the need for political support, and the advantages and disadvantages of…

The importance of eradicating adult illiteracy in developing countries as a part of promoting community participation in democracy and in accelerating the rate of national development is treated in the study of adult education in India. Attempts have been made to: link adult education to major developmental and productive activities through…

Discusses appropriate technology such as folk theater and instructional radio in the development of Third-World nations and emphasizes the importance of community participation in all stages of the educational process. Ways in which this can be stimulated and channelled to support development in other areas are examined. Sixteen references are…

Participation has been accepted as an always desirable methodology in seeking development with rather than for the people. This paper explores some of the limitations of participation as it relates to planning and implementing nonformal education projects. The author focuses on six broad issues that relate to project participation. (SSH)

This article presents the major issues, trends, interpretations, and difficulties facing Primary Health Care (PHC) personnel in taking the drastic steps required to reform the health care system. The author argues that PHC aims to enable people to take responsibility for their own health and further the redistribution of resources. (SSH)

Rural Africa includes some 80% of the African population; its people are poverty stricken, illiterate, ill-sheltered, and ill-nourished. These circumstances make rural development absolutely vital. However, past rural development policies have failed to take into consideration the structure and division of labor in the farm family, the traditional…

Accounts of achievements in early childhood care and education in developing countries supplement a discussion of optimal programming. The document begins with background information on problems in educational provision and a rationale for a national focus on early education. Discussion then turns to: (1) parents as prime educators; (2)…