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Ibrahim, Muhammad H. – 1985
The basic problem of communicating in Arabic today is the existence of two language varieties, one spoken and one written. These may even be considered two distinct languages. They have existed side by side for as long as one knows. Classical written Arabic became fossilized and developed as a closed system independent of common usage and…
Descriptors: Arabic, Communication (Thought Transfer), Diachronic Linguistics, Diglossia
Download full textLo Bianco, Joseph, Ed. – VOX: The Journal of the Australian Advisory Council on Languages and Multicultural Education, 1991
This document consists of the three issues of the serial "VOX" published in 1989-1991. Major articles in these issues include: "The Original Languages of Australia"; "UNESCO and Universal Literacy"; "Language Shift and Maintenance in Torres Strait"; "Maintaining and Developing Italian in…
Descriptors: Asian Studies, Bilingual Education, Certification, Communicative Competence (Languages)
