Background: Cognitive load theory is widely used in educational research and instructional design, which relies heavily on conceptual constructs and measurement instruments of cognitive load. Due to its implicit nature, cognitive load is usually measured by other related instruments, such as commonly-used self-report scales of mental effort or…

Equating is a statistical procedure used to adjust for the difference in form difficulty such that scores on those forms can be used and interpreted comparably. In practice, however, equating methods are often implemented without considering the extent to which two forms differ in difficulty. The study aims to examine the effect of the magnitude…

Coordinating meaning across sentences is crucial to reading comprehension, because sentences can take on quite different meanings depending on the surrounding context. The same need applies in a far more complex way when reading textbooks. Writers organize the material hierarchically, so readers often need to connect what they're reading now to…

This paper focuses on the difficulties encountered by Italian students in performing geometry tasks. A quantitative analysis, aimed at understanding the extent of the phenomenon, is carried out using the results of district competitions from the year 2018 to 2020, comparing the scores obtained in geometry questions with those in other areas of…

This study evaluated the effect of using AR technology to develop environmental literacy (RQ1), motivation (RQ2), and perceived cognitive load (RQ3) among high school students. The sample of participants in this study included 155 10th -grade students in general education. They took a semester-long Natural Resource Ecology course. The participants…

This paper examined the ability of students to pose a problem in a free posing situation about sets in terms of the problem text, compatibility with mathematics principles, the problem type and structure, solvability, and mathematical complexity. Additionally, students were probed to determine the difficulties they encountered during the problem…

The level of arithmetic knowledge of a high school student was explored when solving additive word problems considering the semantic structure and syntactic component. The methodology was qualitative and developed in four stages: the first is the selection of the participant, the second is the design of a questionnaire with twenty additive…

Productive struggle is an effective mathematics teaching practice that provides students opportunities to grapple with challenging mathematical concepts, connect prior knowledge, discover new ideas, and develop their critical thinking skills. Research has documented the benefits of secondary mathematics students engaging in productive struggle.…

Students' lack of interest in chemistry becomes a significant issue in chemistry learning. This may be caused by the negative perception of students about their difficulties in learning chemistry. This study aims to explore views and causes of difficulties in learning chemistry from the perspective of secondary school students. This research was…

This dissertation investigates the complex phenomenon of high school dropouts and the social factors that contributed to them making that decision. The research included interviewing six high school dropouts, whose ages ranged from 35-45, all of whom were interviewed using a semi-structured interview protocol. Each interview was conducted in…

Rubrics, which are designed to inform learners about assessment criteria and quality levels concerning a task assignment, are a widely used means to support learners in self-assessing their task performance. Usually, rubrics enhance task performance. Surprisingly, however, relatively little is known about the underlying mechanisms via which…

Counselors and educators must re-imagine social-emotional wellness as an essential part of the academic curriculum. The authors present a collaborative, sustainable model that focuses both on academic rigor and emotional wellness. The authors outline how this model can be integrated in any academic content area and how school counselors and…

The aim of this explanatory study is to identify the causes of intrinsic cognitive load in programming process. For this purpose, a method based on two dimensions; programming knowledge types (syntactic, semantic, and strategic) and programming constructs was proposed. The proposed method was tested with high school students enrolled in Computer…

This study provides an overview of the level of students' cognitive load in learning English in vocational schools. A quantitative descriptive study uses a cross-sectional survey conducted to measure the level of cognitive load of students in learning English in vocational schools. The subjects are 69 respondents who are students from one of the…

The variational thinking of high school students based on mathematical connections was analyzed through a laboratory on linear functions. This qualitative research based on design was developed in three phases: diagnostic test, implementation of the mathematics laboratory and final test, with students from a public institution in Barranquilla,…