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Peer reviewedCoutinho, Martha J. – Journal of Learning Disabilities, 1995
This article addresses the proposal of Shaw and others (1995) to replace the current federal definition of learning disabilities with an operationalized version proposed by the National Joint Committee on Learning Disabilities in the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act. Comparison of Shaw's recommendations with…
Descriptors: Definitions, Disability Identification, Educational Diagnosis, Educational Legislation
Peer reviewedCoutinho, Martha J.; Oswald, Donald P. – Behavioral Disorders, 1998
Discusses hypotheses and methodologies needed to extend understanding of the ethnic representation of students with serious emotional disturbances. Technical methods are discussed to ensure that estimates for the extent of disproportionate representation are accurate. Research needed to produce better conceptual understanding of why…
Descriptors: Disability Identification, Elementary Secondary Education, Emotional Disturbances, Ethnic Bias
Peer reviewedOswald, Donald P.; Coutinho, Martha J.; Best, Al M.; Nguyen, Nu – Mental Retardation, 2001
A study of 4,151 school districts found a clear association among ethnicity, gender, and mental retardation. Sociodemographic variables were also strongly associated with the proportion of students identified. A logistical regression model that included sociodemographic predictors was significantly better than models with gender and race alone.…
Descriptors: Demography, Disability Identification, Elementary Secondary Education, Ethnicity
Download full textOswald, Donald P.; Best, Al M.; Coutinho, Martha J. – International Journal of Special Education, 2006
The purpose of this study was to investigate factors related to placement in special education for males and females. The conceptual approach included individual, family, and school characteristics believed to influence educational performance and outcomes with emphasis was given to variables for with evidence of differential effects for males and…
Descriptors: Special Education, Gender Differences, Influences, Student Placement
Peer reviewedCoutinho, Martha J.; Oswald, Donald P.; Best, Al M. – Remedial and Special Education, 2002
A study involving 4,141 schools investigated gender and race/ethnicity disproportionality among students identified as having learning disabilities. There was a clear association between ethnicity and gender and the odds of being identified as a student with learning disabilities. School sociodemographic factors also associated with the proportion…
Descriptors: Classification, Demography, Disability Identification, Educational Discrimination
Peer reviewedOswald, Donald P.; Coutinho, Martha J. – Journal of Emotional and Behavioral Disorders, 1995
Relationships among state identification rates for serious emotional disturbances and economic and demographic variables were explored. Variation in per pupil revenue explained about one-fourth of the variance in identification rates. States differed significantly based on region, elementary and secondary expenditure, per pupil revenue, and per…
Descriptors: Disability Identification, Economic Factors, Elementary Secondary Education, Emotional Disturbances
Peer reviewedCoutinho, Martha J.; Oswald, Donald P.; Forness, Steven R. – Behavioral Disorders, 2002
Analysis of Department of Education national survey data found that school districts' sociodemographic characteristics were strongly associated with the proportion of students identified as having emotional disturbance (ED). Results also indicated a clear association between ethnicity/gender and the likelihood of being identified as having ED,…
Descriptors: Cultural Differences, Disability Identification, Elementary Secondary Education, Emotional Disturbances
Peer reviewedOswald, Donald P.; Coutinho, Martha J.; Best, Al M.; Singh, Nirbhay N. – Journal of Special Education, 1999
A study of 4,455 school districts found African-American students were about 2.4 times more likely to be identified as mildly mentally retarded and about 1.5 times more likely to be identified as seriously emotionally disturbed than their non-African-American peers. Economic and demographic variables were significant predictors of disproportionate…
Descriptors: Black Youth, Demography, Disability Identification, Disproportionate Representation
Oswald, Donald P.; Coutinho, Martha J. – 1997
This final report discusses the outcomes of a policy research study designed to improve decision making during the reauthorization of the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA). Issues were identified and policy briefs were developed on: (1) the federal financial formula for special education; (2) the role of economic and demographic…
Descriptors: Disabilities, Disability Identification, Educational Policy, Elementary Secondary Education
