Background: While neighborhood conditions have previously been shown to have substantial effects on later occupational, educational and health outcomes, this is the first study to examine the relation between neighborhood factors and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms in children with autism and developmental delays. Methods:…

Coming from a disadvantaged background can have negative impact on an individual's educational trajectory. Some people however seem unaffected and cope well with the demands and challenges posed by school education, despite growing up in adverse conditions, a phenomenon termed "academic resilience." While it is uncertain which underlying…

The goal of this research is to document and contextualize sources of happiness for Black and Latinx youth living in economically disenfranchised, Chicago neighborhoods. We examined youth's open-ended responses to the question, "What makes you happiest in life?" The sample consists of 409 Black (73%) and Latinx (27%) youth (54% female;…

Exposure to childhood adversity has been consistently associated with poor developmental outcomes, but it is unclear whether these associations vary across different forms of adversity. We examined cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between threat and deprivation with cognition, emotional processing, and psychopathology in a…

A growing literature suggests that adversity is associated with later altered brain function, particularly within the corticolimbic system that supports emotion processing and salience detection (e.g., amygdala, prefrontal cortex [PFC]). Although neighborhood socioeconomic disadvantage has been shown to predict maladaptive behavioral outcomes,…

Emerging literature links neighborhood disadvantage to altered neural function in regions supporting socioemotional and threat processing. Few studies, however, have examined the proximal mechanisms through which neighborhood disadvantage is associated with neural functioning. In a sample of 7- to 19-year-old twins recruited from disadvantaged…

Comparatively few young white males from poorer backgrounds progress to university. This paper considers evidence gathered from a study that explores the educational ambitions of these young men from five areas of educational disadvantage in North West England, at two stages in their learner journeys. The first stage relates to school year 10…

This paper presents the results of two community and citizen science research projects -- "Cities at Play" and "Community Drive" -- in which young students (aged 11-15) from vulnerable residential areas in Copenhagen, Denmark, collaborated with architects and urban developers to engage in urban development initiatives in their…

We collected field observation notes, accessed student demographic data, and interviewed sixteen Black high school youth (50% male; M[subscript age] = 16.1) to explore experiences that contributed to their personal agency within a supportive school. Students were recruited from a public academy school that was designed to support youth who are…

Over the last 20 years, we have learned much about the extent to which early-life deprivation affects the mental health of children and adolescents. This body of evidence comes predominantly from studies of children raised in institutional care. The Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP) is the only randomized controlled trial designed to…

Closing the poverty-related attainment gap in schoolchildren is a stated priority for the Scottish Government. In the present study, we examine the poverty-related attainment gap in Glasgow, a city wherein more than half of the 100 most deprived areas in Scotland are to be found. Further, we examine the potential mediating role of school…

On the one hand, this paper describes the findings from the implementation of subject-matter teaching and learning via fieldwork in a deprived area (Kottbusser Tor) of Berlin. On the other hand, the authors focus on the explicit and implicit knowledge (which we call orientations) of the students concerning this fieldwork. In a problem-oriented…

Exposure to early psychosocial deprivation as a result of institutional care disrupts typical brain development. The Bucharest Early Intervention Project (BEIP) is the first longitudinal study to investigate the neurodevelopment of institutionalized infants randomized to a foster care (FCG) intervention versus care as usual (CAUG). Here, we…

Background: The developmental-ecological model highlights the contextual environments that influence children's emotional and behavioral adjustment. No previous research considers neighborhood characteristics when examining the influence of extended family members. Objective: This study investigates the characteristics of neighborhoods where…

This article describes a current project by Liverpool organisations Open Eye Gallery (Liverpool), Whitby High School (Ellesmere Port), recent partners Liverpool Hope University and Curious Minds. The school is in an area of high socio-economic deprivation and low level of cultural engagement. The project seeks to support students' photographic and…