No significant interaction was found between the field independent cognitive style and the level of guidance in mathematics instruction in a study involving prospective elementary school teachers. (Editor)

Students in three mathematics classes were assessed on two aptitudes, field independence and general reasoning, and randomly assigned for a discovery treatment. There was a significant interaction with general reasoning on the retention test. There were no interactions with field independence. (Author/MK)

The hypothesis was tested that students with a field-independent cognitive style would learn most about numeration systems if they had minimum guidance and maximum opportunity for discovery through the use of manipulative materials. Data were gathered on 46 prospective elementary school teachers. The hypothesis was supported. (Author/MH)

The relationship between locus of control and three dimensions of discovery learning was investigated. Mathematics students were assigned to treatments differing in level of guidance, inductive or deductive sequencing, or use of small groups. Aptitude-treatment interaction occurred between locus of control and small-group instruction. (Author/GK)

Preservice elementary teachers enrolled in a mathematics course were randomly assigned to one of two treatment groups for instruction on computation in bases other than 10. Group 1 (Min-M) involved minimal guidance and a concrete level of abstraction, while group 2 (Max-S) had a large amount of guidance and dealt with concepts at a symbolic level.…