Approximately 70% of 67,367 drug overdose deaths involved opioids with rates 4 times higher than in 1999. The purpose of this systematic review is to assess the effectiveness of psychosocial interventions in opioid cessation. The search criteria for this review were: (a) published in English language between 2014 and 2019; (b) indexed in…

Illicit drug use is a persistent health problem among Nigerian youths. Social media platforms currently facilitate online illicit drug markets in the sub-Saharan Africa state. The current qualitative study investigates the influence of social media platforms on the sale and use of illicit drugs among undergraduates in selected tertiary…

Illustrates the stimulus addiction chain experienced by a substance addicted person and recommends that substance abuse treatment agencies provide low-stimulus activity by controlling their use of high-stimulus structure and high-level recreational stimulus producers. Suggests quiet activities to help regulate stimulus and reinforce reflectiveness…

This study attempted to develop predictive criteria to identify potential drug users. Results indicate that the scale used in the study, the Imaginal Processes Inventory (IPI), may be helpful in being able to predict potential drug users. (JA)

Discusses theory of stimulus addiction, a process of human accommodation to stimuli which fosters dependency and may foster addiction. Suggests that a society of affluence may be prone to addictiveness because the more continuous the stimuli the person experiences, the more tolerance is created, and with tolerance comes stimulus deprivation.…

This paper examines the cultural milieu of drug users, delineates two distinct analytical types of drug users, develops a theoretical perspective of these types of drug users, and outlines the apparent implications for treatment of both types. (Author/JA)

Randomly assigned 30 prisoners undergoing treatment for heroin addiction to either standard Drug Unit treatment program or to standard program plus single exposure to computerized relapse prevention package. Found immediate improvement in self-efficacy of computer group relative to standard group. Three months later, both groups displayed similar…

Conducted survey to identify characteristics associated with chemical dependency among chemically dependent nurse anesthetists. Subjects were 21 nurse anesthetists who had been chemically dependent, had completed some form of drug treatment, and had been chemically free for at least one year. Investigated areas of employment setting, educational…

The design, application, and evaluation of an eco-model for cigarette smoking education is proposed. (MM)