Both the Portuguese appropriation of the lifelong learning policy proposed by the European Union since the mid-1990s and the definition of adult education policy in Portugal were based on a discourse that emphasised an "unacceptable educational deficit" for democracy. The role of the State in the "governance" of the public…

Discusses the value of a state rural policy center and identifies seven policy program areas. Presents the role of community development practitioners in contributing to the development of rural policy initiatives and implications for initiative development. (JOW)

Posits that, in order to reduce underdevelopment, solutions must be found for problems of production and productivity, and for the improvement of living conditions of the rural population through the elimination of structural constraints on development. (Author/JOW)

The Isoya Rural Development Project appears to have enhanced Nigerian women's multiple roles (maternal, occupational, conjugal, domestic, kin, community, and individual). Limitations of the project include poor rural infrastructure, male-oriented cultural norms, and lack of direct access to land by women. (SK)

Modern Turkey is considered a bridge between the East and the West. Education in Turkey is operated and financed largely by public expenditures, and public education is free. Adult (nonformal) education is an extension of educational opportunities to people who could not benefit from formal education or who intend to expand their knowledge or…

Each year thousands of people travel to Penland School of Crafts in rural Mitchell County, North Carolina, to receive instruction in pottery, sculpture, drawing, glassblowing, metalworking, photography, printmaking, weaving, and woodworking. Established in 1929, the school has become a catalyst for economic growth by pumping millions of dollars…

Proposes that Appalachia pursue an economic development strategy based on exporting knowledge and training. Partnerships between governments, private utilities, and institutions of higher learning could improve the telecommunications infrastructure, establish new learning products companies, instruct adults at their home and work places, expand…

In recent years, service programs targeted for Georgia's rural communities have decreased proportionately in relation to those intended for the state's rapidly expanding population centers. At the same time, erosion of traditional manufacturing industries and an adverse agricultural economy have decreased the ability of rural communities to…

To test the hypothesis that early-stage agricultural innovativeness is positively related to rural literacy, the author set up two investigations in the Chiduku and Seki Tribal Trust Lands of Rhodesia. The results of both studies are reported. Accelerated literacy instruction was introduced and innovativeness was measured in the following farm…

Based on four regional conferences organized by the Action Agenda Project on the theme of "Serving the Rural Adult," these proceedings examine the similarities and differences the diverse participants contributed to the discussion of rural adult education; the successes and concerns expressed in finances and funding, policy, models, and…

The purpose of this manual is to make available to adult educators and field extension workers in Kenya resource material that may be used in formal and nonformal training programs for the environmental education of a wide range of target groups. The document begins with a 26-item glossary, an introduction, a section on the document's use,…

This report summarizes 1993 activities of the Inter-American Foundation (IAF), an independent agency of the U.S. government. The IAF promotes equitable and participatory self-help development in the Caribbean and Latin America by awarding grants directly to local grassroots organizations and small enterprises, as well as to larger organizations…

Indigenous community organizations and organizational federations in Ecuador have moved from dealing with issues of land, civil rights, and cultural identity to promoting culturally appropriate, community-based, sustainable economic development ventures. The need for technical training and the success of Indian-to-Indian job training are…

The Appalachian Regional Commission (ARC) is a regional economic development agency representing a unique partnership of federal, state, and local governments. Established by an act of Congress in 1965, the Commission is composed of the governors of the 13 Appalachian states and a federal co-chairperson. Grassroots participation is provided by…

This case study examines the interaction between basic education (primary education, adult literacy, and nonformal adult education) and economic development needs in rural Zhuji County, Zhejiang Province, located in southeast China. In Zhuji, parents traditionally have endured hardships to send their children to school and otherwise encouraged…