The study employs economic models of supply decisions, employer demand decisions and market interactions to examine scientific, engineering, and technical manpower utilization. The introduction surveys the major reasons for the perennial concern about manpower supply in the field, and examines problems of defining the occupations under study. A…

A study focused on how child care costs may restrict women's employment prospects, in terms of their current employment status and the amount of time they spend in paid work. It compared the effects of four dimensions of child care costs on women's labor supply: market price of care within a local area, amount of money parents spend on child care,…

The conventional approach to analysis of employment problems in the modern sector, namely comparison of workforce supply and demand, is inapplicable in the traditional sector, where a distinction needs to be made between the concepts of workforce underutilization and its availability. The author discusses these concepts and presents their policy…

Conditions in Kenya and Poland concerning the labor market and educational preparation for jobs are discussed, along with public policy. In the decade of the 1980s, both nations reached saturation in the labor market and underwent changes in the demand for university-trained workers. Kenya needed highly trained personnel to replace expatriates…

A study to determine the effects of free counseling services and a program of subsidies for the direct costs of education and training revealed that the subsidies did induce increased school attendance, and both counseling and training affected labor supply. However, no subsequent effects of increased human capital have been found. (LRA)

The purpose of this hearing was to look for answers to the following questions about the workforce of tomorrow: How will tomorrow's workforce differ from today's? What kind of jobs will tomorrow's employers be looking to fill? What skills will tomorrow's workers need to fill those jobs? And, most importantly, what can be done now to be sure that…

The need for higher education to plan curricula based upon generalizable human, analytical, and technical skills is discussed in view of historical and economic changes, productivity questions, demographic projections, and employment forecasts. Questions are posed regarding the form of undergraduate education that will best prepare the college…

A collection of analyses and projections is presented that explores the challenges posed by a rapidly evolving economy and the critical issue of manpower policy facing New England and the nation. New England was able to move from traditional industry to high technology because its colleges and universities supplied basic research and trained…

This report, one of a series of manpower studies, presents various series of data on the manpower of Czechoslovakia, especially for the years 1950-70, and two projections of the economically active population for the years 1971-90. The different measures are defined, the population base, manpower trends, and the general manpower situation are…

The relationship between high technology companies and educational institutions in northern Santa Clara County, California, a major center of technologically sophisticated industry, was studied. Attention was directed to the way that educational institutions in Silicon Valley are changing to meet the demands of a transforming technology. Over 100…

This book discusses the causes and impact of global skill shortages, focusing on data from skill shortages measured in the period 1995-1998 in 19 developed and emerging economies. Chapter one contains a brief introduction. Chapter two is a review of theoretical literature on skill shortages, including static and dynamic shortages, efficiency wage…

This document reports on a 2.5 day workshop that trained 23 middle managers from Wisconsin school districts in developing and using information on trends relevant to vocational, technical, and adult education (VTAE) program planning, including trends in technology, the labor market, demographics, and education. A nine-page description covers the…

This paper examines the economic push factors encouraging migration from the Caribbean Basin to the United States, as part of an assessment of the effectiveness of the Immigration Reform and Control Act of 1986. The basic assumption is that much of the migration is motivated by a desire to improve economic circumstances, and that the…

The six sections of this report describe the collection of occupational information on an interstate basis to plan effective education programs for manpower development. Focus is on eight southern states--Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee. Section 1 discusses two views of vocational…

A systems approach to changing labor market performance requires a substantial and enduring commitment to the task of change. A systems reform framework has been developed that is based on a dual-customer approach, with a focus on improving labor market outcomes for both low-income people and their employers. The objective is to change the labor…