The purpose of the present investigation was to examine the eyewitness memory performance of 3- and 5-year-old African American children (N = 33) from lowincome households. The children were asked to remember the routine details of a physical examination immediately after the physical exam and again after a delay interval of 6 weeks. Age-related…

This study examined the efficacy of using different types of mobile media apps to increase the receptive and expressive vocabulary development of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old preschool children living in economically disadvantaged communities. Children and teachers in four Head Start classrooms participated in the quasi-experimental study, which…

Head Start is a national program that aims to promote school readiness by enhancing the social and cognitive development of children through the provision of educational, health, nutritional, social, and other services to enrolled children and families. The program places special emphasis on helping preschoolers develop the reading, language,…

The current study examined income disparities in a comprehensive set of preschoolers' outcomes (verbal ability, developmental skills, number knowledge, and hyperactivity) and the factors that could reduce differences in outcomes between children in the lowest and highest household income quartiles. Findings using Cycle 6 data from the Canadian…

Research Findings: The current study reports on the results of a longitudinal investigation of the language and early literacy development of a sample of dual-language learners (DLLs) and monolingual English speakers from low-income families who received an Early Reading First intervention during their Head Start preschool year. A total of 62…

Research Findings: This study examined relations between contextual risk, maternal negative emotionality, and preschool teacher reports of the negative emotion dysregulation of children from economically disadvantaged families. Contextual risk was represented by cumulative indexes of family and neighborhood adversity. The results showed a direct…

Rates of agreement among alternative definitions of reading disability and their 1- and 2-year stabilities were examined using a new measure of agreement, the affected-status agreement statistic. Participants were 288,114 first through third grade students. Reading measures were "Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills" Oral…

This study examined persistence in the face of academic challenge for economically disadvantaged children. Participants included 103 children attending Head Start preschools, as well as their caregivers and teachers. Child tasks measured persistence in the face of academic challenge as well as emergent implicit theories of intelligence. Caregiver…

Twenty preschoolers with specific language impairment (SLI) and 20 age matches with normal language (NL) participated in a study to determine whether phonological memory or semantic knowledge predicted word-learning success. Poor learners' performance was analyzed to investigate whether phonology or semantics contributed more to word-learning…

This research investigated the effects of two contrasting pre-k curricula, relative to practice as usual, on subsequent academic achievement. One curriculum had a strong literacy focus, the other was a less didactic "developmentally appropriate" curriculum that allowed children to have more influence on classroom activities. The purpose…

Most striking finding was the mean 10-point IQ incn programs which utilize the discovery of such IQ increases as evidence development

Two studies investigated the influence of age, language, and family background on the development of preschoolers' social cognitive skills. Study 1 examined variability in economically disadvantaged preschoolers' understanding of fantasy and evaluated the relation of age and language to children's skill in this area. Children were shown drawings…

In an effort to determine reinforcement and its effectiveness among Mexican American migrant and non-migrant children, 2 tests, the Children's Locus of Control Scale and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, and some questions were administered to 60 first and second graders from 2 elementary schools in Laredo, Texas. It was expected that Mexican…

This study reports correlations among scores from two commonly used individual measures of intelligence, the Revised Stanford Binet and the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test, and reading subtests of a standardized achievement test with a group of elementary-aged disadvantaged children. The present study employs longitudinal design to assess…

A STUDY EXAMINED THE VALIDITY OF TWO BRIEF INTELLIGENCE SCALES, THE PEABODY PICTURE VOCABULARY TEST (PPVT) AND THE COLUMBIA MENTAL MATURITY SCALE (CMMS), TO SEE IF THESE TESTS OVERESTIMATED THE INCIDENCE OF INTELLECTUAL RETARDATION AMONG POVERTY AREA CHILDREN. THESE TWO TESTS AND AN EXPERIMENTAL MEASURE OF INTELLIGENCE, THE JOHNS HOPKINS…