This document presents 34 guidelines for educational managers who are implementing or considering planning-programing-budgeting systems (PPBS). The guidelines, divided into planning, programing, budgeting, and systems analysis, are designed to point out potential trouble spots that could occur at any of the stages of system implementation. The…

Evaluating alternatives provides both the reason for and the technique of program budgeting for educational planning. The activities demanded by the program budgeting system allow systematic choosing of a preferred course of action. Within this system, alternatives are considered in the context of all other programs. This document presents…

In this era of rapid social change, educational administrators have discovered that new approaches to problem solving and decision making are needed. Systems analysis could afford a promising approach to administrative problems by providing a number of systematic techniques designed to sharpen administrative decision making, enhance efficiency,…

A fully developed planning, programing, and budgeting system comprises more than the program budget and its financial information; it is a system of analysis intended to assist the decisionmaker in choosing among alternative courses of action for the school district programs. Its most salient feature is its usefulness as a general analytical tool…

The intent of this document is to describe approximately 30 management science and organizational behavioral techniques with practical applications in school business management. Each technique is described by the mechanics of using the technique, specific applications of the technique, and requirements and constraints in the use of the technique.…