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Nguyen, Van Huy; Hamid, M. Obaidul – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2021
The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) has long been considered a global policy in language education. It has been borrowed and adopted by different polities across the world. However, it is still not clear why the CEFR, intended for European usage, has become a ubiquitous tool for overhauling the quality of teaching and…
Descriptors: Language Planning, Rating Scales, Second Language Learning, Second Language Instruction
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López, Luis Enrique – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2021
This article offers a critical appraisal of "educación intercultural bilingüe," an educational model with at least five decades of implementation. When this term was coined, Indigenous populations were mostly monolingual and their settlements mostly rural and distant from the seats of cultural hegemony and power. The situation is now…
Descriptors: Bilingual Education, Multicultural Education, American Indian Languages, Rural Areas
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Willans, Fiona – Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development, 2017
Language-in-education policies are developed and implemented within contexts of great complexity. Where policies appear less than perfect on paper, this presents a valuable opportunity to examine the contextual factors that have led to their development, helping policymakers to understand the conditions under which policy change must take place.…
Descriptors: Language of Instruction, Educational Policy, Context Effect, Multilingualism