Principals help teachers become more reflective practitioners by providing a supportive environment, using specific facilitative behaviors (asking questions, informally critiquing, and questioning program irregularities), and enabling program implementation. Principals create a supportive environment by encouraging justification of practice,…

In an open-ended questionnaire examination of school politics from a teacher's viewpoint, 276 teachers described the control-oriented and protective political strategies of principals. The use of control-manipulative political behaviors by some principals had serious negative effects on teacher involvement and performance and undermined…