This paper explores the adoption of the Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) approach in primary classrooms, emphasizing that language acquisition is best achieved through meaningful communication rather than rote memorization. Drawing on Krashen's Input Hypothesis and Vygotsky's socio-cultural theory, the study highlights the importance of…

While learning and teaching English as an additional language are lifelong learning processes for both learners and teachers, these two sectors are largely dominated by West-centric linguistic and cultural imperialism, epistemic hegemony, racism, and neoliberalism, which are tied to colonialism and imperialism. In light of this issue, I argue that…

This article emphasises some of the shifts highlighted by the Ministry of Education in the refreshed "Te Whariki: He Whariki Matauranga mo nga Mokopuna o Aotearoa--Early Childhood Curriculum" (Ministry of Education, 2017) ("Te Whariki 2017"). Some of those shifts include the ideas of "Te Whariki 2017" being a…