ERIC Number: EJ1460710
Record Type: Journal
Publication Date: 2025-Jan
Pages: 16
Abstractor: As Provided
ISBN: N/A
ISSN: ISSN-0162-3257
EISSN: EISSN-1573-3432
Available Date: 2023-12-18
The Developmental Autism Early Screening (DAES): A Novel Test for Screening Autism Spectrum Disorder
Lara Cirnigliaro1; Maria Stella Valle2; Antonino Casabona2; Martina Randazzo1; Francesca La Bruna1; Fabio Pettinato1; Antonio Narzisi3; Renata Rizzo1; Rita Barone1,4
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, v55 n1 p221-236 2025
This study was undertaken to set a novel developmental screening test for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) using the Griffiths Scales of Child Development (Griffith III) (Green et al., 2016; Stroud et al., 2016), in order to intercept the early atypical developmental patterns indicating ASD risk in the first 3 years of age. An observational and interactive ASD screener, the Developmental Autism Early Screening (DAES), was developed by detecting Griffiths III items differentiating toddlers with ASD risk from those with global developmental delay (DD) or neurotypical development. The DAES was validated with ASD-specific diagnostic instruments (ADOS-2) and the cut-off score based on sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value that best differentiates between ASD and non-ASD children was identified. We enrolled a total sample of 297 subjects, including children at risk for ASD or DD and neurotypical children. At a cut-off score of 12.5, the DAES had a sensitivity of 93%, specificity of 98.4%, positive predictive value of 96.3% and negative predictive value of 96.9% for identifying children at risk for ASD from non-ASD participants (DD/neurotypical children). The DAES total score correlated significantly with the ADOS-2 calibrated severity scores (CSS) (R = 0.53, p < 0.001). Three ASD risk ranges were identified according to DAES total and ADOS-2 CSS: Little-to-no risk (CSS: 1-3, DAES: 1-7); Mild-to-moderate risk (CSS: 4-5, DAES: 8-14); Moderate-to-severe risk (CSS: 6-10, DAES [greater than or equal to] 15). The DAES provides a direct approach based on developmental profiles to stratify risk for ASD in early childhood ensuring at risk children the most appropriate diagnostic procedures and targeted intervention.
Descriptors: Autism Spectrum Disorders, Test Construction, Screening Tests, Educational Diagnosis, Toddlers, Risk Assessment, Test Validity, Cutting Scores, Early Intervention
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Publication Type: Journal Articles; Reports - Research
Education Level: N/A
Audience: N/A
Language: English
Sponsor: N/A
Authoring Institution: N/A
Grant or Contract Numbers: N/A
Author Affiliations: 1University of Catania, Child Neurology and Psychiatry Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Catania, Italy; 2University of Catania, Laboratory of Neuro-Biomechanics, Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, School of Medicine, Catania, Italy; 3IRCCS Stella Maris Foundation, Pisa, Italy; 4Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, Reseach Unit of Rare Diseases and Neurodevelopmental Disorders, Troina, Italy