The purpose of this article is to share three questioning methods that can be employed as part of a game-centered approach (GCA). These methods are (1) the debate of ideas, (2) the GROW model and (3) the reflective toss. Through these three methods it is hoped that teachers and coaches at the upper-elementary and middle and high school levels will…

This article briefly summarizes findings from a review of 95 empirical studies of games used in instruction. The article suggests that such efforts are best assessed as transfer from game play to performance on external tasks that are targeted by the instruction. Review findings suggest that such transfer may be expected only if the cognitive…

In large measure the authors agree with Tobias and Fletcher's (2012) comments stating that clearer operational definitions of game features are needed to enable research on games and learning. The authors cannot accept that games are a subset of simulations, preferring to identify instances when games and simulations overlap and when they do not.…