The author briefly describes the development of education in Costa Rica from 1950 to 1974. Emphasis is placed upon reform-minded national education plans started in 1972. (DE)

Historically, attendance at American schools has gone up when the economy has gone down, and new educational programs have been devised to accomodate the additional student population. The author tells how it was during the Great Depression and comments on differences and similarities between then and now. (Editor/RK)

Reviews the history of western education in African countries and asserts that Africa has unique problems that require special analysis and treatment in order to facilitate her gaining confidence to train her own administrators. (Author/WM)

A general outline of the structure, trends, services, financing, and enrollment of educational institutions in Switzerland is provided. (DE)

The history and development of the Laotian education system is described. Emphasis is placed on the transition from a colonial western oriented system to a system that focuses on Laotian cultural identity. (DE)

The evolution of political education in Germany from the late 19th century to the present is outlined. (DE)

Today Sweden has a highly developed comprehensive system of public elementary and secondary schools, along with universities and other institutions of higher education. Most of the actual administration of educational matters is the responsibility of three appointed national government agencies operating under the overall jurisdiction of the…

The present study aims to bring to the reader an understanding of Venezuela's educational patterns, needs, and development within the framework of the country's economic and social situation. Much of this report is devoted to historical backgrounds --to cultural development, politics, immigration, economics, and international attitudes-- to give…

This second study of Romanian education reports important reforms that have strengthened the educational system and, moreover, provides a picture of the system at all education levels as of the 1969-70 academic year. Since Communist acquisition of power late in 1947, three major educational reforms have reflected a progressive nationalistic…

An overview of the basic system of education in Turkey from preschool to the university level is included in this booklet. A brief discussion of educational history stresses the significance of the placing of schools under control of the Ministry of Education in 1924 in an effort to promote national integration, and the importance of the adoption…

Chapter 1 sets forth some of the salient geographic, economic, political, social, and historical factors of the setting in which the educational system functions. Since present-day problems in education continue to reflect the unsolved problems of the past, chapter 2 discusses some of the major historical landmarks. The educational system is…

Educational development in Mauritius is directed by a Minister of Education and Cultural Affairs in conjunction with a government appointed advisory board. Education is the largest single item in the national budget and comprises 25% of estimated annual expenditure for 1977-8. The primary education system serves 92% of the primary school age…

The national educational system of Qatar was established in 1956, when the discovery of oil provided a financial base for educational expansion. The government provides free education from primary school through the university and has stressed a system of incentives for students rather than declaring education compulsory on any level. Four types…

The document describes educational development in Iraq during the period 1974-76. General principles upon which the educational system is based were set down at a Congress of the Arab Ba'ath Socialist Party in 1974. According to these principles, education is compulsory on the primary level, free on all levels, administered by a re-organized…

The educational system of Libya is based upon principles set down in the constitution of 1969 and revised by a philosophy of education document in 1974. In accordance with these principles, education is compulsory on the primary and intermediate levels, free on all levels, and should be in accordance with national political and religious…