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Paul L. Morgan; Adrienne D. Woods; Yangyang Wang; Cecelia A. Gloski – Exceptional Children, 2023
We used time-varying effect modelling of two very large samples of fourth-grade students (N[subscript reading] = 148,240, N[subscript mathematics] = 152,220) to investigate associations between adoption and over-time implementation of a de facto cap on special education service receipt and over-time likelihoods of disability identification from…
Descriptors: Grade 4, Elementary School Students, Correlation, Special Education
Chambers, Jay G.; Kidron, Yael; Spain, Angeline K. – American Institutes for Research, 2004
Under the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), school districts are required to meet the educational needs of all students with disabilities. However, school districts struggle to provide adequate services to students with disabilities who have extraordinary needs and require unusually high expenditures to meet those…
Descriptors: Expenditure per Student, Ethnicity, Educational Needs, Construct Validity
Kauffman, James M., Ed.; Hallahan, Daniel P., Ed. – Routledge, Taylor & Francis Group, 2011
Special education is now an established part of public education in the United States--by law and by custom. However, it is still widely misunderstood and continues to be dogged by controversies related to such things as categorization, grouping, assessment, placement, funding, instruction, and a variety of legal issues. The purpose of this…
Descriptors: Special Education, Educational History, Educational Research, Research Design